# PensionHunter pension questions, with the answer to each > Building the world's pension identification infrastructure. One section of https://pensionhunter.ai/llms-full.txt (every question page with the two-sentence answer it opens with, grouped by country), written at build time from the same lines, so an agent can read only this part. Index of everything we publish: https://pensionhunter.ai/llms.txt ## Pension questions One question per page, grouped by country. Index: https://pensionhunter.ai/questions . Each country line below links that country's own index page, which lists its questions in every language we publish them in. - [United Kingdom pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/uk): 9 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Can I get my UK State Pension if I live abroad?", "How do I check my UK State Pension forecast from abroad?", "Can I pay voluntary National Insurance from abroad?". - [Netherlands pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/netherlands): 18 pages in English and Dutch, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Can I get AOW if I live abroad?", "Do I build up AOW while living abroad?", "Can I take out voluntary AOW insurance after leaving the Netherlands?". - [Germany pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/germany): 13 pages in English and German, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "What happens to my German pension after leaving Germany?", "Can I get a refund of my German pension contributions?", "How do I find my German pension from abroad?". - [Spain pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/spain): 18 pages in English and Spanish, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Can I get a Spanish pension after leaving Spain?", "How do I find an old pension in Spain?", "How do I get my vida laboral from abroad?". - [Australia pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/australia): 7 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "What happens to my Australian super after I leave Australia?", "Can I get my super back after leaving Australia?", "How do I find lost super from overseas?". - [Ireland pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/ireland): 6 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Can I get the Irish State Pension if I live abroad?", "When should I apply for the Irish State Pension?", "Can I pay voluntary PRSI contributions after leaving Ireland?". - [Canada pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/canada): 7 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Can I get CPP if I live outside Canada?", "Can I get Old Age Security if I live abroad?", "How far back can CPP be backdated?". - [New Zealand pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/new-zealand): 9 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Can I get NZ Super if I live overseas?", "How many years must I have lived in New Zealand to get NZ Super?", "Can I withdraw my KiwiSaver if I move overseas?". - [United States pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/united-states): 6 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Can I get Social Security if I live abroad?", "How many credits do I need for Social Security?", "Do years worked in other countries count towards US Social Security?". - [Switzerland pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/switzerland): 12 pages in English and Italian, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Can I get my Swiss AHV pension if I live abroad?", "Can I get my Swiss AHV contributions refunded?", "Do Swiss pensioners abroad need a life certificate?". - [France pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/france): 15 pages in English and French, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Do I get a French pension after working in France for a few years?", "How do I apply for my French pension from abroad?", "Do French pensioners abroad need a certificat de vie?". - [South Africa pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/south-africa): 4 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "How do I find an old pension fund in South Africa?", "How do former GEPF members abroad find their benefit?", "Can I withdraw my South African retirement annuity after emigrating?". - [Hong Kong pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/hong-kong): 4 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Can I withdraw my MPF after leaving Hong Kong?", "What happens to my MPF when I leave Hong Kong?", "How do I find my MPF account?". - [Japan pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/japan): 9 pages in English and Japanese, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Can foreigners get a Japan pension refund?", "Is there a deadline for the Japan pension refund?", "How many years do I need for a Japanese pension?". - [United Arab Emirates pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/uae): 4 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Is there a UAE pension for expats?", "How is end of service gratuity calculated in the UAE?", "Is there a time limit for unpaid end of service gratuity in the UAE?". - [Vietnam pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/vietnam): 4 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Can foreigners get a Vietnam social insurance refund?", "Do foreigners pay social insurance in Vietnam?", "What is the retirement age in Vietnam?". - [Italy pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/italy): 10 pages in English and Italian, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Can foreigners get an Italian pension?", "Can I get an Italian pension with five years of contributions?", "Can non EU workers who went home get an Italian pension?". - [Belgium pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/belgium): 15 pages in English, Dutch and French, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Do I get a Belgian pension after working in Belgium for a few years?", "How do I apply for a Belgian pension from abroad?", "When should I apply for my Belgian pension?". - [Luxembourg pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/luxembourg): 10 pages in English, German and French, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "How many years do I need for a Luxembourg pension?", "Can I get my Luxembourg pension contributions refunded?", "How do I apply for a Luxembourg pension?". - [Sweden pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/sweden): 8 pages in English and Swedish, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Do I get a Swedish pension after working in Sweden for a few years?", "How do I apply for my Swedish pension from abroad?", "Can the Swedish pension be paid retroactively?". - [Denmark pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/denmark): 8 pages in English and Danish, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Is the Danish ATP pension paid if I live abroad?", "Is a small ATP pension paid as a lump sum?", "Can I get Danish folkepension if I live abroad?". - [Norway pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/norway): 8 pages in English and Norwegian, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Can I get my Norwegian pension if I live abroad?", "How long do you have to work in Norway to get a pension?", "How do I apply for my Norwegian pension from abroad?". - [India pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/india): 4 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Can international workers withdraw EPF when they leave India?", "Can I withdraw my PF after leaving India?", "Does an inactive EPF account earn interest?". - [Malaysia pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/malaysia): 4 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "How do I withdraw my EPF when leaving Malaysia?", "Do foreign workers have EPF in Malaysia?", "What happens to my EPF savings after three years without contributions?". - [Singapore pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/singapore): 4 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Do foreigners have CPF in Singapore?", "Can I withdraw my CPF if I give up my PR?", "How do I withdraw CPF from overseas?". - [South Korea pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/south-korea): 7 pages in English and Korean, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Can foreigners get a Korean pension refund?", "Do foreigners get a Korean national pension?", "Do foreigners get severance pay in Korea?". - [Indonesia pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/indonesia): 4 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Can foreigners withdraw BPJS JHT when they leave Indonesia?", "Do I get a BPJS pension with less than 15 years of contributions?", "What is the BPJS Ketenagakerjaan pension age?". - [Philippines pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/philippines): 4 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "How many SSS contributions do I need for a pension?", "Do SSS pensioners abroad need an annual confirmation?", "Can I withdraw my Pag-IBIG savings if I leave the Philippines?". - [Liechtenstein pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/liechtenstein): 8 pages in English and German, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Do I get a Liechtenstein AHV pension after a few years of work?", "How do I apply for the Liechtenstein AHV pension?", "What is the pension age in Liechtenstein?". - [Bulgaria pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/bulgaria): 4 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Can I get a Bulgarian pension with fewer insurance years?", "When should I apply for a Bulgarian pension?", "How is an NSSI PIK code issued?". - [Iceland pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/iceland): 4 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Do foreign workers keep their Icelandic pension fund rights?", "Do I get an Icelandic state pension after a few years of work?", "Do Icelandic pensioners abroad need a life certificate?". - [Latvia pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/latvia): 4 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "How many years do I need for a Latvian pension?", "How far back is a late Latvian pension application paid?", "Can I receive a Latvian pension while living abroad?". - [Romania pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/romania): 4 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "What is the minimum contribution period for a Romanian pension?", "When should I apply for a Romanian pension?", "Do Romanian pensioners abroad need a certificat de viata?". - [Austria pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/austria): 8 pages in English and German, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "When should I apply for my Austrian pension?", "How many insurance months do I need for an Austrian pension?", "Do Austrian pensioners abroad need a life certificate?". - [Portugal pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/portugal): 8 pages in English and Portuguese, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "How many years do I need for a Portuguese pension?", "Do Portuguese pensioners abroad need a proof of life?", "When should I apply for my Portuguese pension?". - [Turkey pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/turkey): 4 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "What is the Turkish old age lump sum payment?", "How long do I have to pay for yurt disi borclanma?", "When must a 3201 pensioner abroad send the yoklama belgesi?". - [Mexico pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/mexico): 8 pages in English and Spanish, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "How do I find my AFORE?", "How many contribution weeks do I need for an IMSS pension?", "When does an AFORE account move to the Fondo de Pensiones para el Bienestar?". - [Brazil pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/brazil): 8 pages in English and Portuguese, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "How many contributions do I need for an INSS age pension?", "How do INSS beneficiaries abroad do the proof of life?", "Do foreigners who worked in Brazil have an FGTS account?". - [Chile pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/chile): 8 pages in English and Spanish, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Do foreigners keep their AFP account after leaving Chile?", "Can foreign technical workers withdraw their AFP funds under Ley 18.156?", "Can I check my AFP from abroad?". - [Israel pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/israel): 4 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Is the Bituach Leumi old age pension paid abroad?", "How do I find lost pension money in Israel?", "How long must I be insured for an Israeli old age pension?". - [Slovenia pension questions](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/slovenia): 4 pages in English, each answering one searched question in its first two sentences from an official source with its read date, for example "Can I get a Slovenian pension after 15 years of insurance?", "How do I apply for a Slovenian pension from abroad?", "Do Slovenian pensioners abroad need a certificate of life?". Each page below answers its question in its first two sentences, shown here as the page shows them, read from the official source with the date we read it. Translated pages carry our translation of the same facts, with the numbers unchanged. ### United Kingdom: questions and answers - [Can I get my UK State Pension if I live abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/uk/can-i-get-my-uk-state-pension-if-i-live-abroad) (en-GB): A person who lives abroad cannot lodge a UK State Pension application until they are inside a 4-month window before their State Pension age; the application is not open before that. gov.uk states you will not get your new State Pension automatically and have to apply for it, and that if you do not apply at State Pension age it defers automatically and you do not have to do anything. - [How do I check my UK State Pension forecast from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/uk/check-uk-state-pension-forecast-from-abroad) (en-GB): From abroad there is no online application at all, and the online route in any case needs an invitation code from a letter sent to a UK address. Checking what you are owed means signing in and proving your identity against a list built around UK documents and UK bank accounts. - [Can I pay voluntary National Insurance from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/uk/pay-voluntary-national-insurance-from-abroad) (en-GB): The rules for paying voluntary UK National Insurance contributions changed on 6 April 2026 for people who live or work abroad, or who previously did. From 6 April 2026, paying Class 3 for time abroad needs 10 years of UK residence or contributions. - [How far back can my UK State Pension be backdated?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/uk/how-far-back-can-uk-state-pension-be-backdated) (en-GB): DWP states the State Pension cannot be backdated more than 12 months before the date your application is received, and that the backdated payment carries no interest and earns no extra pension for that period. A person who lives abroad cannot lodge a UK State Pension application until they are inside a 4-month window before their State Pension age; the application is not open before that. - [Do years worked in the EU count towards my UK State Pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/uk/do-years-worked-in-the-eu-count-towards-uk-state-pension) (en-GB): If you have fewer than 10 UK years, gov.uk states that contributions you made in the EEA, Switzerland or a country with a UK social security agreement can be added to your UK years to carry you past the 10 year threshold, with the amount still based only on your UK years. Its own worked example is a person with 7 UK years and 16 years in an EEA country. - [How do I find an old UK pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/uk/how-to-find-an-old-uk-pension) (en-GB): Find pension contact details (Pension Tracing Service): Free government service providing contact details for lost workplace and personal pension schemes. gov.uk states you will not get your new State Pension automatically and have to apply for it, and that if you do not apply at State Pension age it defers automatically and you do not have to do anything. - [What happens to my UK State Pension if I move abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/uk/what-happens-to-my-uk-state-pension-if-i-move-abroad) (en-GB): gov.uk states you need 10 qualifying years on your National Insurance record to get any of it, and 35 qualifying years for the full rate if your record began after April 2016. Below 35 it is paid as a proportion, so a short UK working life produces a smaller but permanent weekly income rather than nothing. - [Can I defer my UK State Pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/uk/can-i-defer-my-uk-state-pension) (en-GB): For a person who reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016, a deferral of less than 9 weeks gives no increase; the State Pension must be deferred for at least 9 weeks before increased regular payments can be applied for. A person who reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 must defer at least 5 weeks to get any increase, and at least 12 months to be entitled to a one-off lump sum. - [What is the Financial Assistance Scheme?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/uk/what-is-the-financial-assistance-scheme) (en-GB): The Pension Protection Fund's own member page for the Financial Assistance Scheme (FAS) states that FAS provides financial assistance to members of defined benefit pension schemes who lost all or part of their pension following their scheme coming to an end between 1 January 1997 and 5 April 2005. Unlike the PPF, the FAS takes on no new members; applications from schemes closed in 2016. ### Netherlands: questions and answers - [Can I get AOW if I live abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/netherlands/aow-when-living-abroad) (en-GB): AOW must be applied for by the person themselves when they live abroad. A person living outside the Netherlands must apply for their AOW pension themselves six months before reaching AOW pension age. - [Do I build up AOW while living abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/netherlands/do-i-build-up-aow-while-living-abroad) (en-GB): In the Netherlands, each year insured under AOW builds an equal share of a full AOW pension, so every year not insured reduces it. Voluntary AOW insurance, which keeps AOW building up while living or working abroad, must be applied for before leaving the Netherlands or within one year after leaving. - [Can I take out voluntary AOW insurance after leaving the Netherlands?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/netherlands/can-i-take-out-voluntary-aow-insurance) (en-GB): According to the SVB, voluntary AOW insurance can be taken out by a person who, during the 50-year build-up period, starts living or working outside the Netherlands, applies for voluntary insurance within 1 year of the date on which they start living or working outside the Netherlands, and has not yet reached AOW pension age. The page does not say what happens if you apply after 1 year. - [How much AOW will I get?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/netherlands/how-much-aow-will-i-get) (en-GB): From 1 July 2026, a full single AOW pension is €1,662.16 gross a month. SVB calculates your actual amount. - [How do I find my Dutch pension from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/netherlands/find-my-dutch-pension-from-abroad) (en-GB): Mijn Pensioenoverzicht: National pension register showing AOW state pension and workplace pension entitlements. ETS founding member. Mijn Pensioenoverzicht is login-only with DigiD or eIDAS and offers no postal route. - [What happens to my Dutch workplace pension after I leave?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/netherlands/dutch-workplace-pension-after-leaving) (en-GB): Pension funds, insurers, premiepensioeninstellingen, employers and unions must have converted all existing pensions into the new Wet toekomst pensioenen system by 1 January 2028. The Dutch right to take part of a workplace pension as a one-off lump sum has been postponed and is now intended to enter into force on 1 January 2029. - [How do I apply for AOW from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/netherlands/apply-for-aow-from-abroad) (en-GB): SVB tells people living outside the Netherlands to apply for their AOW pension 6 months before reaching AOW pension age. In an EU/EEA or treaty country the application can go to the pension institution of the country of residence (which forwards it) or of the last country of insurance; outside those countries the person must contact SVB directly 6 months ahead. - [What happens to a small Dutch pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/netherlands/what-happens-to-a-small-dutch-pension) (en-GB): A pension provider may transfer it automatically to the participant's new provider without consent, pay it out monthly from the pension date, or commute it and pay it out in one lump sum on the pension date. Commutation before the pension date is possible only in three listed cases, each requiring the participant's agreement for post-2007 pensions. - [What does the new Dutch pension system mean for my pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/netherlands/new-dutch-pension-system) (en-GB): Rijksoverheid.nl states that pensioenfondsen, verzekeraars en premiepensioeninstellingen, werkgevers en vakbonden must agree before 1 January 2028 how they will adjust pensions under the new pension law, and separately, under its own heading, states that by 1 January 2028 at the latest the old pensions must have been converted into new pensions. The page calls the date on which a pension fund or insurer has converted the pensions into new pensions the invaardatum. - [Krijg ik AOW als ik in het buitenland woon?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/netherlands/aow-als-u-in-het-buitenland-woont) (nl): Wie in het buitenland woont, moet de AOW zelf aanvragen. Wie buiten Nederland woont, moet het AOW-pensioen zelf aanvragen, zes maanden voordat de AOW-leeftijd wordt bereikt. - [Bouw ik AOW op als ik in het buitenland woon?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/netherlands/aow-opbouw-in-het-buitenland) (nl): In Nederland bouwt elk jaar dat u voor de AOW verzekerd bent een gelijk deel van een volledig AOW-pensioen op, dus elk jaar zonder verzekering maakt het pensioen lager. De vrijwillige AOW-verzekering, waarmee de AOW-opbouw doorloopt tijdens wonen of werken in het buitenland, moet worden aangevraagd vóór vertrek uit Nederland of binnen een jaar na vertrek. - [Kan ik me na vertrek uit Nederland vrijwillig verzekeren voor de AOW?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/netherlands/vrijwillige-aow-verzekering-na-vertrek) (nl): Volgens de SVB kan een vrijwillige AOW-verzekering worden afgesloten door iemand die tijdens de opbouwperiode van 50 jaar buiten Nederland gaat wonen of werken, de vrijwillige verzekering aanvraagt binnen 1 jaar na de datum waarop hij of zij buiten Nederland is gaan wonen of werken, en de AOW-leeftijd nog niet heeft bereikt. De pagina zegt niet wat er gebeurt als u na 1 jaar aanvraagt. - [Hoeveel AOW krijg ik?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/netherlands/hoeveel-aow-krijg-ik) (nl): Vanaf 1 juli 2026 is een volledig AOW-pensioen voor een alleenstaande € 1.662,16 bruto per maand. De SVB berekent uw werkelijke bedrag. - [Hoe vind ik mijn Nederlandse pensioen vanuit het buitenland?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/netherlands/nederlands-pensioen-vinden-vanuit-het-buitenland) (nl): Mijn Pensioenoverzicht: het nationale pensioenregister dat de AOW en opgebouwde werkgeverspensioenen laat zien. Medeoprichter van ETS. Mijn Pensioenoverzicht werkt alleen met inloggen via DigiD of eIDAS en biedt geen route per post. - [Wat gebeurt er met mijn pensioen als ik emigreer?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/netherlands/pensioen-bij-emigratie) (nl): Pensioenfondsen, verzekeraars, premiepensioeninstellingen, werkgevers en vakbonden moeten alle bestaande pensioenen uiterlijk op 1 januari 2028 hebben omgezet naar het nieuwe stelsel van de Wet toekomst pensioenen. Het Nederlandse recht om een deel van een werkgeverspensioen als bedrag ineens op te nemen is uitgesteld en gaat nu naar verwachting in op 1 januari 2029. - [Hoe vraag ik AOW aan vanuit het buitenland?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/netherlands/aow-aanvragen-vanuit-het-buitenland) (nl): De SVB zegt tegen mensen die buiten Nederland wonen dat zij hun AOW-pensioen 6 maanden voor het bereiken van de AOW-leeftijd moeten aanvragen. In een EU- of EER-land of een verdragsland kan de aanvraag naar de pensioeninstantie van het woonland (die haar doorstuurt) of van het laatste land van verzekering; buiten die landen moet de persoon 6 maanden van tevoren rechtstreeks contact opnemen met de SVB. - [Wat gebeurt er met een klein pensioen?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/netherlands/wat-gebeurt-er-met-een-klein-pensioen) (nl): Een pensioenuitvoerder mag een klein pensioen zonder toestemming automatisch overdragen naar de nieuwe uitvoerder van de deelnemer, het vanaf de pensioendatum maandelijks uitbetalen, of het afkopen en op de pensioendatum in één bedrag uitbetalen. Afkoop vóór de pensioendatum is alleen mogelijk in drie genoemde gevallen, die bij pensioenen van na 2007 elk de instemming van de deelnemer vereisen. - [Wat betekent het nieuwe pensioenstelsel voor mijn pensioen?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/netherlands/nieuwe-pensioenstelsel-wat-betekent-het) (nl): Rijksoverheid.nl meldt dat pensioenfondsen, verzekeraars en premiepensioeninstellingen, werkgevers en vakbonden vóór 1 januari 2028 moeten afspreken hoe zij de pensioenen onder de nieuwe pensioenwet aanpassen, en meldt daarnaast onder een eigen kop dat de oude pensioenen uiterlijk op 1 januari 2028 moeten zijn omgezet in nieuwe pensioenen. De pagina noemt de datum waarop een pensioenfonds of verzekeraar de pensioenen heeft omgezet in nieuwe pensioenen de invaardatum. ### Germany: questions and answers - [What happens to my German pension after leaving Germany?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/germany/german-pension-after-leaving-germany) (en-GB): The gate is five years of insurance, and Deutsche Rentenversicherung states that the German and the foreign insurance periods are added together to test it, so years insured elsewhere in the EU can carry you through a gate you assumed you had failed. Those foreign years do not increase the German payment, because each country pays only for its own periods. - [Can I get a refund of my German pension contributions?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/germany/german-pension-contribution-refund) (en-GB): A refund of the employee's share of German contributions can only be requested once the person has not been subject to compulsory German insurance for at least 24 calendar months and is not permitted to insure themselves voluntarily. DRV states that contributions can be refunded on application only when compulsory insurance in the German pension scheme no longer applies, at least 24 calendar months have passed since leaving compulsory insurance, and there is no entitlement to voluntary insurance in the German scheme. - [How do I find my German pension from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/germany/find-my-german-pension-from-abroad) (en-GB): Deutsche Rentenversicherung, Mein Kundenportal: Statutory pension insurance account, contribution history, and pension forecast. To see your insurance record online, registration requires a German identity card with the online identification function activated, a German electronic residence permit with that function activated, or a German electronic signature card. - [How do I apply for a German pension from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/germany/apply-for-german-pension-from-abroad) (en-GB): Deutsche Rentenversicherung prints the problem itself: the pension does not come automatically when you reach pension age. You must apply, and nobody writes to remind you. - [Do I need a life certificate for my German pension abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/germany/german-pension-life-certificate-abroad) (en-GB): For a person who lives outside Germany and draws a German pension, Deutsche Post AG's Renten Service checks once a year that the person is still alive, and the life certificate must be confirmed and sent back. DRV states that pensioners resident abroad must in principle provide a proof of life once a year; for countries where Germany matches death data automatically (examples given: Australia, Italy, Spain, Austria) no proof is needed, and only pensioners in countries without such data matching must prove each summer that they are alive. - [How is the German pension calculated?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/germany/how-is-the-german-pension-calculated) (en-GB): Germany measures entitlement in pay points, Entgeltpunkte. One calendar year on average German earnings earns one point, and Deutsche Rentenversicherung sets the value of a point each 1 July. - [What happens to my Riester pension if I move abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/germany/riester-pension-moving-abroad) (en-GB): Riester subsidies are clawed back as schaedliche Verwendung where the holder's residence or habitual abode is outside the EU or EEA at the start of the payout phase, unless the Brexit carve out applies. The same page sets out a Brexit carve out: this does not apply if the holder's residence or habitual abode has already been continuously in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland since 22 June 2016 and the contract was concluded before 23 June 2016. - [Was passiert mit meiner deutschen Rente, wenn ich Deutschland verlasse?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/germany/deutsche-rente-nach-dem-wegzug) (de): Die Hürde sind fünf Jahre Versicherungszeit, und die Deutsche Rentenversicherung erklärt, dass deutsche und ausländische Versicherungszeiten für diese Prüfung zusammengerechnet werden, sodass Jahre, die Sie anderswo in der EU versichert waren, Sie über eine Hürde tragen können, die Sie für verfehlt hielten. Diese ausländischen Jahre erhöhen die deutsche Zahlung nicht, weil jedes Land nur für seine eigenen Zeiten zahlt. - [Kann ich mir meine deutschen Rentenbeiträge erstatten lassen?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/germany/beitragserstattung-rentenversicherung-nach-dem-wegzug) (de): Eine Erstattung des Arbeitnehmeranteils der deutschen Beiträge kann erst beantragt werden, wenn die Person seit mindestens 24 Kalendermonaten nicht mehr in Deutschland pflichtversichert ist und sich nicht freiwillig versichern darf. Die DRV erklärt, dass Beiträge auf Antrag nur erstattet werden, wenn keine Versicherungspflicht in der deutschen Rentenversicherung mehr besteht, seit dem Ausscheiden aus der Versicherungspflicht mindestens 24 Kalendermonate vergangen sind und kein Recht zur freiwilligen Versicherung in der deutschen Rentenversicherung besteht. - [Wie beantrage ich meine deutsche Rente aus dem Ausland?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/germany/deutsche-rente-aus-dem-ausland-beantragen) (de): Die Deutsche Rentenversicherung benennt das Problem selbst: Die Rente kommt nicht automatisch, wenn Sie das Rentenalter erreichen. Sie müssen einen Antrag stellen, und niemand schreibt Ihnen, um Sie daran zu erinnern. - [Brauche ich eine Lebensbescheinigung für meine deutsche Rente im Ausland?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/germany/lebensbescheinigung-rente-ausland) (de): Wer außerhalb Deutschlands lebt und eine deutsche Rente bezieht, bei dem prüft der Renten Service der Deutschen Post AG einmal im Jahr, ob er noch lebt, und die Lebensbescheinigung muss bestätigt und zurückgeschickt werden. Die DRV erklärt, dass Rentner mit Wohnsitz im Ausland grundsätzlich einmal im Jahr einen Lebensnachweis erbringen müssen; für Länder, mit denen Deutschland Sterbedaten automatisch abgleicht (genannte Beispiele: Australien, Italien, Spanien, Österreich), ist kein Nachweis nötig, und nur Rentner in Ländern ohne einen solchen Datenabgleich müssen jeden Sommer nachweisen, dass sie leben. - [Wie wird die deutsche Rente berechnet?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/germany/wie-wird-die-deutsche-rente-berechnet) (de): Deutschland misst den Rentenanspruch in Entgeltpunkten. Ein Kalenderjahr mit deutschem Durchschnittsverdienst bringt einen Punkt, und die Deutsche Rentenversicherung legt den Wert eines Punktes jeweils zum 1. Juli fest. - [Was passiert mit meiner Riester-Rente, wenn ich ins Ausland ziehe?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/germany/riester-rente-bei-umzug-ins-ausland) (de): Die Riester-Förderung muss als schädliche Verwendung zurückgezahlt werden, wenn der Wohnsitz oder gewöhnliche Aufenthalt des Inhabers zu Beginn der Auszahlungsphase außerhalb der EU oder des EWR liegt, es sei denn, die Brexit-Ausnahme greift. Dieselbe Seite nennt eine Brexit-Ausnahme: Dies gilt nicht, wenn der Wohnsitz oder gewöhnliche Aufenthalt des Inhabers bereits seit dem 22. Juni 2016 ununterbrochen im Vereinigten Königreich Großbritannien und Nordirland liegt und der Vertrag vor dem 23. Juni 2016 abgeschlossen wurde. ### Spain: questions and answers - [Can I get a Spanish pension after leaving Spain?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/spain/spanish-pension-after-leaving-spain) (en-GB): Spain pays a contributory retirement pension once you have 15 years of contributions, which the Seguridad Social states as 5,475 days, with at least 2 of those years falling inside the 15 years immediately before entitlement arises. Under European coordination Spain must add the insurance periods you completed in other member states to your Spanish ones, provided they do not overlap, and test the 15 year condition against the combined total. - [How do I find an old pension in Spain?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/spain/how-to-find-an-old-pension-in-spain) (en-GB): Tu Seguridad Social: Personal Seguridad Social account with the informe de vida laboral contribution record and pension calculator; access by Cl@ve, an electronic certificate or SMS. The Seguridad Social's personal area accepts Cl@ve Permanente, Cl@ve Movil, DNIe, an electronic certificate or an SMS code. - [How do I get my vida laboral from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/spain/get-vida-laboral-from-abroad) (en-GB): The SMS option works only if your mobile number was previously registered with the Tesoreria, which a foreign number never is, and registering one means filing a form with your DNI or NIE plus documentation proving the phone is yours. The postal option works only if the address the Tesoreria holds for you still matches where you live, and correcting it calls for Spanish municipal register evidence a non-resident does not have. - [Do Spanish pensioners abroad need a proof of life?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/spain/spanish-pension-proof-of-life-abroad) (en-GB): Spanish Social Security pensioners resident abroad must certify that they are alive (acreditar la vivencia, fe de vida). Spanish Social Security pensioners living abroad must prove they are alive twice during 2026 (once in the January-March window and once in September), rising to three times a year from 2027. - [When should I apply for my Spanish pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/spain/when-to-apply-for-spanish-pension) (en-GB): You nominate the date your pension starts, that date must fall within three months either side of the day you apply, and payable retroactivity is capped at three months from the application, so the date you apply is worth money. Payable retroactivity is capped at three months from the application, so a pension applied for more than three months after the nominated date is paid back only three months from the application, not from the nominated date itself. - [Do years worked abroad count towards a Spanish pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/spain/do-years-abroad-count-for-spanish-pension) (en-GB): Where your combined record qualifies, Spain compares a calculation on your Spanish periods alone with one on the combined basis and pays the higher. Spanish emigrants and children of emigrants can fill a Spanish contribution gap while or after working abroad by subscribing to the convenio especial para emigrantes españoles e hijos de emigrantes. - [How many years do I need to work in Spain to get a pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/spain/how-many-years-to-get-a-spanish-pension) (en-GB): To have a right to a retirement pension, a person needs a minimum of 15 years (5,475 days) of contributions in total, of which 2 years must fall within the 15 years immediately before the moment the right to the pension arises (causar el derecho). Under European coordination Spain must add the insurance periods you completed in other member states to your Spanish ones, provided they do not overlap, and test the 15 year condition against the combined total. - [When can I withdraw money from a Spanish pension plan?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/spain/when-can-i-withdraw-a-spanish-pension-plan) (en-GB): Participants in individual and associated pension plans may withdraw, in whole or in part, the consolidated rights corresponding to contributions made at least ten years earlier. As a transitional rule, rights from contributions made up to 31 December 2015 became available from 1 January 2025, which is the mechanism that made all pre-2016 pension plan money withdrawable from that date. - [Can I keep paying into Spanish Social Security from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/spain/pay-spanish-social-security-from-abroad) (en-GB): Spanish nationals who are emigrants, and children of emigrants who hold Spanish nationality, can subscribe to a special agreement (convenio especial) with Spanish Social Security that requires no prior contribution period, and is not conditional on the country involved having a Social Security agreement with Spain. Registration can be made at any time; the agreement's effective date is fixed as the first day of the month following the date the application is submitted, so nothing is backdated to the emigration date. - [¿Puedo cobrar una pensión española después de irme de España?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/spain/cobrar-pension-espanola-en-el-extranjero) (es): España paga una pensión contributiva de jubilación cuando se tienen 15 años cotizados, que la Seguridad Social expresa como 5.475 días, de los cuales al menos 2 años deben estar dentro de los 15 años inmediatamente anteriores al nacimiento del derecho. Con la coordinación europea, España debe sumar a sus periodos españoles los periodos de seguro que usted completó en otros Estados miembros, siempre que no se solapen, y comprobar la condición de los 15 años sobre el total combinado. - [¿Cómo pido mi vida laboral desde el extranjero?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/spain/pedir-vida-laboral-desde-el-extranjero) (es): La opción por SMS solo funciona si su número de móvil estaba registrado previamente en la Tesorería, algo que nunca ocurre con un número extranjero, y registrarlo exige presentar un formulario con su DNI o NIE y documentación que pruebe que el teléfono es suyo. La opción por correo postal solo funciona si la dirección que la Tesorería tiene de usted sigue coincidiendo con donde vive, y corregirla exige una prueba del padrón municipal español que un no residente no tiene. - [¿Necesitan fe de vida los pensionistas españoles en el extranjero?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/spain/fe-de-vida-pensionistas-en-el-extranjero) (es): Los pensionistas de la Seguridad Social española residentes en el extranjero deben acreditar que siguen con vida (acreditar la vivencia, fe de vida). Los pensionistas de la Seguridad Social española que viven en el extranjero deben acreditar que siguen con vida dos veces durante 2026 (una entre enero y marzo y otra en septiembre), y tres veces al año a partir de 2027. - [¿Cuándo debo solicitar mi pensión española?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/spain/cuando-solicitar-la-pension-de-jubilacion) (es): Usted elige la fecha de inicio de su pensión, esa fecha debe estar dentro de los tres meses anteriores o posteriores al día de la solicitud, y los efectos retroactivos se limitan a tres meses desde la solicitud, así que la fecha en que solicita tiene valor económico. Los efectos retroactivos se limitan a tres meses desde la solicitud, de modo que una pensión solicitada más de tres meses después de la fecha elegida solo se abona con efectos de tres meses antes de la solicitud, no desde la propia fecha elegida. - [¿Cuentan los años trabajados en el extranjero para una pensión española?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/spain/jubilacion-con-cotizaciones-en-el-extranjero) (es): Cuando su historial combinado da derecho, España compara un cálculo basado solo en sus periodos españoles con otro sobre la base combinada y paga el importe más alto. Los emigrantes españoles y los hijos de emigrantes pueden cubrir un hueco en sus cotizaciones españolas durante o después de trabajar en el extranjero suscribiendo el convenio especial para emigrantes españoles e hijos de emigrantes. - [¿Cómo encuentro una pensión antigua en España?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/spain/encontrar-una-pension-antigua-en-espana) (es): Tu Seguridad Social: cuenta personal de la Seguridad Social con el informe de vida laboral y un simulador de pensión; acceso con Cl@ve, un certificado electrónico o SMS. El área personal de la Seguridad Social acepta Cl@ve Permanente, Cl@ve Móvil, DNIe, un certificado electrónico o un código por SMS. - [¿Cuántos años hay que cotizar para cobrar una pensión en España?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/spain/cuantos-anos-hay-que-cotizar-para-una-pension-espanola) (es): Para tener derecho a una pensión de jubilación se necesita un mínimo de 15 años (5.475 días) de cotización en total, de los que 2 años deben estar dentro de los 15 años inmediatamente anteriores al momento de causar el derecho. Con la coordinación europea, España debe sumar a sus periodos españoles los periodos de seguro que usted completó en otros Estados miembros, siempre que no se solapen, y comprobar la condición de los 15 años sobre el total combinado. - [¿Cuándo puedo rescatar mi plan de pensiones?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/spain/cuando-puedo-rescatar-mi-plan-de-pensiones) (es): Los partícipes de planes de pensiones individuales y asociados pueden disponer, total o parcialmente, de los derechos consolidados correspondientes a aportaciones realizadas con al menos diez años de antigüedad. Como regla transitoria, los derechos de aportaciones realizadas hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2015 pasaron a estar disponibles desde el 1 de enero de 2025, que es el mecanismo que hizo disponible desde esa fecha todo el dinero de planes de pensiones anterior a 2016. - [¿Puedo seguir cotizando a la Seguridad Social española desde el extranjero?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/spain/convenio-especial-emigrantes-seguridad-social) (es): Los españoles emigrantes, y los hijos de emigrantes que tienen la nacionalidad española, pueden suscribir con la Seguridad Social española un convenio especial que no exige ningún periodo previo de cotización y que no depende de que el país en cuestión tenga un convenio de Seguridad Social con España. La suscripción puede hacerse en cualquier momento; el convenio surte efecto el primer día del mes siguiente a la fecha de presentación de la solicitud, de modo que nada se retrotrae a la fecha de la emigración. ### Australia: questions and answers - [What happens to my Australian super after I leave Australia?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/australia/australian-super-after-leaving-australia) (en-GB): The money does not disappear when you leave, but it does move. Six months after the later of your departure and your visa ceasing to be in effect, the fund hands the balance to the Australian Taxation Office, and the fund that holds your records stops being the counterparty. - [Can I get my super back after leaving Australia?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/australia/get-super-back-after-leaving-australia) (en-GB): Temporary residents: super moves to the ATO six months after leaving Australia. The person can then apply to the ATO for it as a DASP. - [How do I find lost super from overseas?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/australia/find-lost-super-from-overseas) (en-GB): To see what is held in your name you must sign in to ATO online services through myGov, and to link myGov to the ATO you must answer identity questions built from your Australian paperwork. The sign-in layer adds its own problem, since a text code needs an Australian mobile number. - [How much super is held for people who left Australia?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/australia/how-much-super-is-held-for-people-who-left-australia) (en-GB): The ATO publishes how much is sitting there. As at 30 June 2026 it held 1,004,000 superannuation accounts for former temporary residents alone, worth 1.08 billion Australian dollars, because nobody has applied for them, part of 21.2 billion Australian dollars across just under 7.5 million accounts nationally. - [Did my employer pay super while I was on a temporary visa?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/australia/super-on-a-temporary-visa) (en-GB): Your employer was almost certainly paying into a superannuation fund for you, and the ATO states that this generally does not depend on your visa so long as you had work rights. The rate is 12.00 per cent of ordinary time earnings for 2026-27, and it was 11.50 per cent in 2024-25. - [Can I get the Australian Age Pension living overseas?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/australia/australian-age-pension-living-overseas) (en-GB): Age pension paid overseas is proportionalised against Australian Working Life Residence once a person has been outside Australia for more than 26 weeks. Pension Supplement reduces to the basic amount once a person has travelled outside Australia for more than 6 weeks. - [What happens to the Australian Age Pension after 26 weeks overseas?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/australia/australian-age-pension-after-26-weeks-overseas) (en-GB): The Social Security Guide states that payments with unlimited portability, such as age pension, and DSP where the person is terminally ill and leaving Australia to reside overseas, or is severely impaired with no future work capacity, are paid at a non-proportional rate for the first 26 weeks outside Australia. After that 26 week point, the guide elsewhere states the recipient's pension rate may become proportional based on their Australian Working Life Residence, abbreviated AWLR, which the guide defines as the number of months the recipient has been an Australian resident between age 16 and age pension age. ### Ireland: questions and answers - [Can I get the Irish State Pension if I live abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/ireland/irish-state-pension-living-abroad) (en-GB): The Department states there is a legal onus on you to apply, on its own form, and it recommends applying six months before you want payment to start if you worked in another EU or agreement country. The ordinary floor is 520 paid full rate contributions, which is ten years, and the Department of Social Protection states that if you do not qualify on Irish insurance alone and you hold periods in another EU state or an agreement country, the records are added together and Ireland pays a pro rata share. - [When should I apply for the Irish State Pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/ireland/when-to-apply-for-irish-state-pension) (en-GB): The Department states there is a legal onus on you to apply, on its own form, and it recommends applying six months before you want payment to start if you worked in another EU or agreement country. Late applications are backdated six months only, except where the Department supplied incorrect information or you were incapacitated by illness, so arrears beyond six months are money that is never paid. - [Can I pay voluntary PRSI contributions after leaving Ireland?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/ireland/voluntary-prsi-contributions-after-leaving-ireland) (en-GB): Emigrants who want to keep their Irish contribution record alive with voluntary contributions must apply within five years of the end of the last year they paid or were credited compulsory insurance. That is five years from the end of the contribution year of your last Irish contribution, and the pages read offer no route back in once it passes. - [How many years do I need for the Irish State Pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/ireland/how-many-years-for-irish-state-pension) (en-GB): The ordinary floor is 520 paid full rate contributions, which is ten years, and the Department of Social Protection states that if you do not qualify on Irish insurance alone and you hold periods in another EU state or an agreement country, the records are added together and Ireland pays a pro rata share. Under the Department of Social Protection's operational guideline, Ireland has bilateral social security agreements with Australia (1992, revised 2006), Austria, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, Quebec, the Republic of Korea, the Swiss Confederation, the United Kingdom and the United States of America; the agreements allow reckonable periods in each country to be combined to establish entitlement to State Pension (Contributory), Invalidity Pension, Widows/Widowers or Surviving Civil Partner's Pension (Contributory) and Guardian's Payment (Contributory). - [How much is the Irish State Pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/ireland/how-much-is-the-irish-state-pension) (en-GB): The full rate is 299.30 euro a week from January 2026, with an extra 10 euro a week from age 80. Ireland pays a State Pension (Contributory) from age 66, funded by the PRSI deducted while you worked there. - [How do I check my PRSI record from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/ireland/check-prsi-record-from-abroad) (en-GB): The online application and an instant copy of your PRSI record need a verified MyGovID account; a verified account needs a Public Services Card and a mobile number verified in person at an Irish Intreo Office; and the Department's published position is that you must be resident in Ireland to be registered for the card and that it will only be issued to an Irish address. The documented fallback posts a paper statement only if your PPS number, date of birth and the address the Department still holds all match automatically, which is exactly what fails for someone who left years ago. ### Canada: questions and answers - [Can I get CPP if I live outside Canada?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/canada/can-i-get-cpp-if-i-live-outside-canada) (en-GB): Service Canada says you can receive CPP from age 60 with at least one valid contribution; there is no minimum number of years. CPP does not arrive by itself: Service Canada says you must apply for the retirement pension. - [Can I get Old Age Security if I live abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/canada/old-age-security-living-abroad) (en-GB): OAS can be received while living abroad only if you lived in Canada at least 20 years after turning 18, or lived and worked in a social security agreement country with combined time of at least 20 years. Otherwise OAS (and GIS) may stop after more than 6 months away; you must call Service Canada before leaving for more than 6 months and on return to restart payments. - [How far back can CPP be backdated?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/canada/how-far-back-can-cpp-be-backdated) (en-GB): A CPP retirement pension applied for after age 65 can only be backdated 11 months before the month of application, and never earlier than the month after the 65th birthday. If a CPP contributor dies in the month of, or before, their 70th birthday without ever having applied for their retirement pension, that pension is paid to nobody. - [How do I get my CPP Statement of Contributions from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/canada/cpp-statement-of-contributions-from-abroad) (en-GB): My Service Canada Account (MSCA), CPP and OAS: Check CPP and OAS entitlements via My Service Canada Account. My Service Canada Account's published sign-in and identity routes rest on Canadian credentials or a code posted by Service Canada, which a person who left Canada decades ago may not have. - [Can I unlock a locked-in pension after leaving Canada?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/canada/unlock-locked-in-pension-after-leaving-canada) (en-GB): OSFI's guidance on unlocking funds from a federally regulated pension plan or locked-in retirement savings plan states that a person can unlock on non-residency grounds once they have ceased to be a resident of Canada for at least two calendar years. FSRA (Ontario's pension and financial services regulator) states that the owner of an Ontario locked-in account may apply to unlock and withdraw all the money two years after departing Canada, provided they also obtain a CRA determination of non-residency and complete FSRA's Form 5. - [How much CPP will I get?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/canada/how-much-cpp-will-i-get) (en-GB): The published maximum of C$1,507.65 a month at 65 and average of C$858.34 reflect full working lifetimes, not a few years. Your Statement of Contributions carries Service Canada's own estimate, the only figure worth quoting for your record. - [How far back can Old Age Security be paid?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/canada/how-far-back-can-old-age-security-be-paid) (en-GB): If the applicant had already turned 65 before the application was received, approval can be backdated no more than one year before the day the application was received. The Old Age Security Act caps how far back the monthly Guaranteed Income Supplement (paid under Part II of the Act) can be paid to a late applicant, at eleven months before the month the application is received. ### New Zealand: questions and answers - [Can I get NZ Super if I live overseas?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/new-zealand/nz-super-living-overseas) (en-GB): Work and Income states that the amount a person gets while overseas depends on the number of months they lived in New Zealand between the ages of 20 and 65, this total being 45 years, or 540 months. For NZ Super the residence bar ratchets by birth date from 10 years to 20, and time spent overseas counts for none of it. - [How many years must I have lived in New Zealand to get NZ Super?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/new-zealand/nz-super-residency-requirements) (en-GB): NZ Super requires a number of New Zealand residence years before turning 65, and the requirement is rising from 10 to 20 years by birth cohort, with anyone born on or after 1 July 1977 needing 20 years. Applicants also still need to have lived in NZ for at least 5 years since they turned 50, and these years, including the 5 years from age 50, do not need to be consecutive. - [Can I withdraw my KiwiSaver if I move overseas?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/new-zealand/withdraw-kiwisaver-moving-overseas) (en-GB): KiwiSaver savings cannot be withdrawn immediately on leaving New Zealand: the member must have been living overseas (anywhere other than Australia) for a full year first, and the government contributions can never be withdrawn at all. Inland Revenue states that after a person has been living overseas, other than Australia, for 1 year, they can take out most of the savings from their KiwiSaver account, specifically their own contributions, their employer's contributions, the $1,000 kickstart if they got it, fee subsidies if they got these, and interest earned, but states that they cannot take out the government contributions. - [Can I transfer my KiwiSaver to Australia?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/new-zealand/transfer-kiwisaver-to-australia) (en-GB): Australia is excluded from cash altogether: since 1 July 2013 the only route there is a transfer into a complying Australian scheme, and money moved there cannot go on to a third country. For a person who moves permanently to Australia, IRD states they can transfer their KiwiSaver savings to an Australian superannuation scheme, though they do not have to. - [How do I find my KiwiSaver provider from overseas?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/new-zealand/find-my-kiwisaver-provider-from-overseas) (en-GB): Inland Revenue says the only place a member can see which scheme holds their money is myIR, and myIR needs an IRD number plus two step verification, compulsory since the evening of 28 April 2025, with trusted devices expiring every 90 days. KiwiSaver is a real account held by a scheme provider and tracked by Inland Revenue. - [Did I join KiwiSaver while I was on a work visa?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/new-zealand/kiwisaver-on-a-work-visa) (en-GB): Whether a former New Zealand worker has one at all turns on a single line: people on a temporary, visitor, work or student visa could never join, so years worked on a work visa produced nothing. Those who held residence and were auto enrolled from 1 July 2007 onwards do have a balance. - [When should I apply for NZ Super?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/new-zealand/when-to-apply-for-nz-super) (en-GB): NZ Super is not backdated to the person's 65th birthday. If you apply even one day after you turn 65 you are paid only from the application date, and the months before it are simply lost. - [Can I keep NZ Super if I move to Australia?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/new-zealand/nz-super-moving-to-australia) (en-GB): A person who permanently moves to Australia while receiving NZ Super or Veteran's Pension must apply for the Australian Age Pension (AAP) within 26 weeks of leaving New Zealand, and must separately apply to keep their NZ payment within 12 months of applying for the AAP. If already receiving the Australian Age Pension, the continuation application needs to be made within 26 weeks of leaving New Zealand. - [Can I keep NZ Super while travelling overseas for more than 26 weeks?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/new-zealand/nz-super-travelling-overseas-more-than-26-weeks) (en-GB): Work and Income states that a person can apply to keep getting NZ Super or Veteran's Pension while overseas if, among other criteria, they are ordinarily resident in New Zealand when they apply and intend to travel overseas for more than 26 weeks. To keep NZ Super or Veteran's Pension while going overseas for more than 26 weeks or moving abroad permanently, a person must apply at least six weeks before leaving New Zealand. ### United States: questions and answers - [Can I get Social Security if I live abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/united-states/social-security-living-abroad) (en-GB): SSA's handbook states you must file an application to become entitled to benefits. If you are not a US citizen there is a second clock: SSA generally cannot pay Retirement, Survivors and Disability Insurance benefits after your sixth calendar month outside the United States unless you fall within one of its specific exceptions, several of which turn on your exact nationality and country of residence. - [How many credits do I need for Social Security?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/united-states/how-many-credits-for-social-security) (en-GB): You need 40 credits to be eligible, you earn up to four credits a year, and in 2026 one credit takes 1,890 dollars of covered earnings, so 40 credits is about ten years of work. Below 40, SSA's own wording is blunt: it cannot pay benefits to you if you do not have enough credits. - [Do years worked in other countries count towards US Social Security?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/united-states/social-security-totalization-agreement) (en-GB): If you have at least six US credits, SSA can count your coverage in an agreement country toward the US threshold and pay a partial benefit sized to the share of your career completed in the United States. The route past that is a totalization agreement, and the United States has 31 of them. - [How far back can Social Security be backdated?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/united-states/how-far-back-can-social-security-be-backdated) (en-GB): A late application is paid up to six months retroactively, and only at or after full retirement age. Below that age retroactivity is blocked wherever it would permanently cut your monthly amount, so every year of not knowing is simply gone. - [Do I need to return a Social Security questionnaire if I live abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/united-states/social-security-questionnaire-abroad) (en-GB): A Social Security beneficiary living outside the United States who is sent form SSA-7162 must complete and return it to the Wilkes-Barre address within 60 days of receiving it. And once payment starts, SSA posts you a questionnaire every year or every two years depending on your country, with 45 days to answer the second notice before automatic suspension. - [How do I apply for Social Security from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/united-states/apply-for-social-security-from-abroad) (en-GB): Online self-service needs a US Social Security number and an identity check, and SSA does not state what happens if your foreign document or your non US phone number will not pass it. Even with an account working, SSA's own application page sends an overseas applicant off the website. ### Switzerland: questions and answers - [Can I get my Swiss AHV pension if I live abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/switzerland/swiss-ahv-pension-living-abroad) (en-GB): The authority's own wording is blunt: no application, no benefit, and it recommends filing three to four months before reference age. In the first pillar, one single full year of credited contributions is enough to qualify, and the full monthly pension runs from CHF 1,260 to CHF 2,520 on scale 44, unchanged since 1 January 2025 and confirmed for 1 January 2026. - [Can I get my Swiss AHV contributions refunded?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/switzerland/ahv-contribution-refund) (en-GB): Nationals of countries with no Swiss social security agreement can apply for the AHV contribution refund (Rueckverguetung) once they are permanently settled abroad. The Zentrale Ausgleichsstelle (ZAS), the federal body that administers this refund, states on its own page that a refund of paid AHV contributions is available to persons holding the nationality of a country with which Switzerland has no social security agreement (naming Australia, Brazil, China, India, the Philippines, South Korea, Tunisia and Uruguay among those covered under conditions), provided at least one year of contributions was paid and the applicant, spouse and children under 25 have left Switzerland. - [Do Swiss pensioners abroad need a life certificate?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/switzerland/swiss-pension-life-certificate) (en-GB): Swiss pensioners living abroad are sent a life-and-civil-status certificate every year and must return it, signed by their local authority and with a copy of their ID, within 90 days. Death data is received automatically for Belgium, Denmark, Germany, France, Italy, Spain and Croatia; anyone who receives no form need do nothing. - [Can I fill gaps in my Swiss AHV contributions?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/switzerland/fill-gaps-in-swiss-ahv-contributions) (en-GB): Missing contributions can only be paid for gaps in the last five years; older gaps cannot be made good, and each missing year lowers the pension. Outstanding AHV contributions, including gap filling arrears, can no longer be asserted or paid once five years have passed from the end of the calendar year for which they are owed. - [Can I join Swiss voluntary AHV after leaving Switzerland?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/switzerland/swiss-voluntary-ahv-after-leaving) (en-GB): To join the Swiss voluntary OASI/DI (AHV/IV) scheme after leaving compulsory Swiss insurance, the application form must be submitted within one year of the end of compulsory insurance. Members of the Swiss voluntary OASI/DI scheme abroad must pay the full contributions owed for a calendar year before 31 December of the following year or they are thrown out of the scheme. - [What happens to my Swiss pension fund when I leave Switzerland?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/switzerland/swiss-pension-fund-after-leaving-switzerland) (en-GB): If a person left Switzerland without telling their occupational pension fund (2nd pillar) where to send their vested benefits, and did not take a cash payment, the fund must transfer the money to the Substitute Occupational Benefit Institution (Auffangeinrichtung) at the latest two years after they left. In the second pillar, money left behind moves off the employer's books within six months to two years, then moves again ten years after reference age. - [Why do I need my AHV number?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/switzerland/why-do-i-need-my-ahv-number) (en-GB): The federal online portal built for people living outside Switzerland runs on an AGOV federal login, asks for the 13 digit AHV number and date of birth, posts an activation code to the correspondence address already on file, and confirms sign in through an app on a smartphone. The central register that shows which compensation office holds your account will not run without that same 13 digit number either. - [Posso ricevere la rendita AVS svizzera se vivo all'estero?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/switzerland/rendita-avs-residenti-all-estero) (it): Le parole dell'autorità sono chiare: senza domanda, nessuna prestazione, e raccomanda di presentarla da tre a quattro mesi prima dell'età di riferimento. Nel primo pilastro basta un solo anno intero di contributi accreditati per avere diritto, e la rendita mensile completa va da CHF 1.260 a CHF 2.520 secondo la scala 44, invariata dal 1 gennaio 2025 e confermata per il 1 gennaio 2026. - [Posso colmare le lacune contributive AVS?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/switzerland/lacune-contributive-avs) (it): I contributi mancanti possono essere pagati solo per le lacune degli ultimi cinque anni; le lacune più vecchie non possono essere colmate, e ogni anno mancante riduce la rendita. I contributi AVS arretrati, compresi quelli per colmare le lacune, non possono più essere fatti valere né pagati una volta trascorsi cinque anni dalla fine dell'anno civile per il quale sono dovuti. - [Posso aderire all'AVS facoltativa dopo aver lasciato la Svizzera?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/switzerland/avs-facoltativa-dopo-aver-lasciato-la-svizzera) (it): Per aderire all'assicurazione facoltativa AVS/AI svizzera dopo l'uscita dall'assicurazione obbligatoria, il modulo di adesione deve essere presentato entro un anno dalla fine dell'assicurazione obbligatoria. Gli assicurati all'AVS/AI facoltativa che vivono all'estero devono pagare per intero i contributi dovuti per un anno civile entro il 31 dicembre dell'anno successivo, altrimenti sono esclusi dall'assicurazione. - [Cosa succede al mio secondo pilastro quando lascio la Svizzera?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/switzerland/secondo-pilastro-lasciare-la-svizzera) (it): Se una persona ha lasciato la Svizzera senza indicare alla sua cassa pensione (2° pilastro) dove trasferire la prestazione di libero passaggio, e non ha chiesto il pagamento in contanti, la cassa deve trasferire il denaro all'Istituto collettore (Auffangeinrichtung) al più tardi due anni dopo la partenza. Nel secondo pilastro, il denaro lasciato indietro esce dai conti del datore di lavoro entro un periodo da sei mesi a due anni, e poi viene spostato di nuovo dieci anni dopo l'età di riferimento. - [A cosa serve il numero AVS?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/switzerland/a-cosa-serve-il-numero-avs) (it): Il portale online federale pensato per chi vive fuori dalla Svizzera funziona con un login federale AGOV, chiede il numero AVS di 13 cifre e la data di nascita, invia per posta un codice di attivazione all'indirizzo di corrispondenza già registrato e conferma l'accesso tramite un'app su smartphone. Anche il registro centrale che indica quale cassa di compensazione tiene il suo conto non funziona senza quello stesso numero di 13 cifre. ### France: questions and answers - [Do I get a French pension after working in France for a few years?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/france/french-pension-after-a-few-years-in-france) (en-GB): One French quarter opens the right, and periods insured in other EU, EEA or Swiss states and in agreement countries are totalised to reach it. Work under 25 years in France and that average is taken from the years you actually worked, so a short career is not diluted. - [How do I apply for my French pension from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/france/apply-for-french-pension-from-abroad) (en-GB): L'Assurance retraite states that the pension is not paid automatically and must be requested five months before the date you want it to start, and that the start date is set at the earliest on the first day of the month after your application is received, and never before the date you applied. There is no backdating at all. - [Do French pensioners abroad need a certificat de vie?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/france/french-pension-certificat-de-vie) (en-GB): A French state pensioner living abroad must return the certificat de vie within 2 months of being asked, every year, or the pension payment is suspended. Under the all-schemes portal, a pensioner abroad now supplies only one certificat de vie per year covering the schemes, and failure to return the completed document within the time limits can suspend payment of the pension. - [Can I buy back French pension quarters for work abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/france/buy-back-french-pension-quarters-for-work-abroad) (en-GB): To buy back French pension quarters for periods of employment abroad, the buy-back must be requested within 10 years of the last day of the last activity abroad. To buy back periods of salaried activity abroad (or in most French overseas collectivities, or Mayotte), the applicant must have been covered by a compulsory French health insurance scheme for at least 5 years and must request the buyback within 10 years of the last day of the last activity abroad. - [How do I see my French pension record from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/france/see-french-pension-record-from-abroad) (en-GB): mon compte retraite (Info Retraite): Consolidated overview of all French pension entitlements across the 42 pension schemes. Registration demands your French social security number, and full access runs through FranceConnect, whose accepted credentials are all French. - [How is the French pension calculated?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/france/how-is-the-french-pension-calculated) (en-GB): For anyone born from 1966 on, the base pension is a fixed share of your average annual salary, multiplied by your French quarters and divided by the 172 required. The 2026 ceiling on a base pension is 2,002.50 euros a month. - [When should I apply for my French pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/france/when-to-apply-for-french-pension) (en-GB): A French private-sector employee must file the pension application 5 months before the chosen departure date. The pension's start date is fixed at the earliest as the first day of the month following the date the application is received, and it cannot be set before the date on which the application was made. - [How long do I have to challenge a French pension decision?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/france/challenge-a-french-pension-decision) (en-GB): A decision of a French pension fund must be challenged before the Commission de recours amiable within 2 months of the notification of that decision. For a French civil-service pension, a revision for an error of law must be requested within 1 year, whereas a material error can be raised at any time. - [Quelle retraite pour un étranger ayant travaillé en France ?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/france/retraite-etranger-ayant-travaille-en-france) (fr): Un seul trimestre français ouvre le droit, et les périodes d'assurance accomplies dans d'autres États de l'UE ou de l'EEE, en Suisse et dans les pays liés par une convention sont totalisées pour l'atteindre. Si vous avez travaillé moins de 25 ans en France, cette moyenne est calculée sur les années réellement travaillées, de sorte qu'une carrière courte n'est pas diluée. - [Comment demander sa retraite française depuis l'étranger ?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/france/demander-sa-retraite-francaise-depuis-l-etranger) (fr): L'Assurance retraite indique que la retraite n'est pas versée automatiquement et doit être demandée cinq mois avant la date à laquelle vous voulez qu'elle commence, que la date de départ est fixée au plus tôt au premier jour du mois qui suit la réception de votre demande, et jamais avant la date de votre demande. Il n'y a aucune rétroactivité. - [Faut-il envoyer un certificat de vie quand on est retraité à l'étranger ?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/france/certificat-de-vie-retraite-a-l-etranger) (fr): Un retraité du régime français vivant à l'étranger doit renvoyer le certificat de vie dans les 2 mois suivant la demande, chaque année, faute de quoi le paiement de la retraite est suspendu. Avec le portail commun à tous les régimes, un retraité à l'étranger ne fournit plus qu'un seul certificat de vie par an pour l'ensemble des régimes, et ne pas renvoyer le document rempli dans les délais peut suspendre le paiement de la retraite. - [Peut-on racheter des trimestres pour un travail à l'étranger ?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/france/rachat-de-trimestres-pour-travail-a-l-etranger) (fr): Pour racheter des trimestres de retraite française au titre de périodes d'emploi à l'étranger, le rachat doit être demandé dans les 10 ans qui suivent le dernier jour de la dernière activité à l'étranger. Pour racheter des périodes d'activité salariée à l'étranger (ou dans la plupart des collectivités françaises d'outre-mer, ou à Mayotte), il faut avoir été couvert par un régime obligatoire d'assurance maladie français pendant au moins 5 ans et demander le rachat dans les 10 ans qui suivent le dernier jour de la dernière activité à l'étranger. - [Comment consulter mon compte retraite depuis l'étranger ?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/france/consulter-son-compte-retraite-depuis-l-etranger) (fr): mon compte retraite (Info Retraite) : vue d'ensemble de tous les droits à la retraite française dans les 42 régimes de retraite. L'inscription exige votre numéro de sécurité sociale française, et l'accès complet passe par FranceConnect, dont les identifiants acceptés sont tous français. - [Quand faire sa demande de retraite en France ?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/france/quand-faire-sa-demande-de-retraite) (fr): Un salarié du secteur privé en France doit déposer sa demande de retraite 5 mois avant la date de départ choisie. La date de début de la retraite est fixée au plus tôt au premier jour du mois qui suit la réception de la demande, et elle ne peut pas être antérieure à la date à laquelle la demande a été faite. - [Combien de temps pour contester une décision de retraite ?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/france/contester-une-decision-de-retraite) (fr): Une décision d'une caisse de retraite française doit être contestée devant la Commission de recours amiable dans un délai de 2 mois à compter de sa notification. Pour une retraite de la fonction publique, la révision pour erreur de droit doit être demandée dans un délai de 1 an, alors qu'une erreur matérielle peut être signalée à tout moment. ### South Africa: questions and answers - [How do I find an old pension fund in South Africa?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/south-africa/find-an-old-pension-fund-in-south-africa) (en-GB): The regulator's central database runs back to 1981, so employment from the early eighties can still be sitting there. Where the FSCA database returns a match, it gives only the fund's contact details and you then deal with the fund yourself; acknowledgement letters quote a six month turnaround, and the FSCA states it does not administer payment. - [How do former GEPF members abroad find their benefit?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/south-africa/gepf-benefits-for-former-members-abroad) (en-GB): Its list of benefits nobody has applied for is issued province by province inside South Africa, and the GEPF confirmed to us in writing on 13 and 17 August 2026 that there is no overseas breakdown. The forms demand a certified copy of your ID with a certification stamp no older than six months, plus a banking details form. - [Can I withdraw my South African retirement annuity after emigrating?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/south-africa/retirement-annuity-withdrawal-after-emigrating) (en-GB): SARS's tax-directive guide states that, effective 1 March 2021, a member of a retirement annuity fund who has stopped contributing and who has ceased to be a South African tax resident for an uninterrupted period of three years or longer on or after 1 March 2021 may withdraw the full benefit before electing to retire from the fund. The same guide states the taxpayer must inform SARS as soon as he or she ceased to be an SA resident, and that if the member did not inform SARS the application will be rejected. - [Can I get the South African older persons grant if I live abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/south-africa/older-persons-grant-living-abroad) (en-GB): The older persons grant is means tested and requires you to live in South Africa, and it lapses when you are absent from the country. A few years on a South African payroll rarely leaves a state pension. ### Hong Kong: questions and answers - [Can I withdraw my MPF after leaving Hong Kong?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/hong-kong/withdraw-mpf-after-leaving-hong-kong) (en-GB): A scheme member may withdraw MPF early on the ground of permanent departure from Hong Kong by making a statutory declaration that they have left or will leave Hong Kong with no intention of returning for employment or to resettle as a permanent resident, plus proof of permission to reside outside Hong Kong. Permanent departure is a once-ever door: the MPFA states that members who have previously withdrawn on that ground will not be paid MPF again for all subsequent applications on the same grounds with a later departure date. - [What happens to my MPF when I leave Hong Kong?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/hong-kong/what-happens-to-my-mpf-when-i-leave-hong-kong) (en-GB): After a person stops working in Hong Kong, if the eMPF Platform receives no instruction from them within three months of the employer notifying it of the termination, their MPF is moved automatically out of the contribution account into a personal account. Employer mandatory contributions are fully and immediately vested in the employee once paid in, so nothing was forfeited when the job ended. - [How do I find my MPF account?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/hong-kong/how-do-i-find-my-mpf-account) (en-GB): eMPF Platform (MPFA): All MPF schemes are administered through the eMPF Platform, run by a wholly owned MPFA subsidiary; one login shows every MPF account. Verification runs on iAM Smart, which only HKID holders may register for. - [When can I withdraw my MPF?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/hong-kong/when-can-i-withdraw-mpf) (en-GB): Early retirement withdrawal of MPF can be applied for only by a member who has reached at least age 60 and ceased all employment and self-employment. Small balance early withdrawal of MPF can be applied for only once at least 12 months have passed since the last contribution. ### Japan: questions and answers - [Can foreigners get a Japan pension refund?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/japan/japan-pension-refund-for-foreigners) (en-GB): Separately, a departing foreign worker with six months or more can apply for a Lump sum Withdrawal Payment. A non-Japanese national who leaves Japan must apply for the Lump-sum Withdrawal Payment within two years of leaving Japan. - [Is there a deadline for the Japan pension refund?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/japan/japan-pension-refund-deadline) (en-GB): A person who has lost insured status under the public pension system can apply for the lump sum withdrawal payment only within two years of the day they last lost that insured status. If the person still had an address in Japan on the date they lost insured status, the two year period instead runs from the day they no longer have an address in Japan. - [How many years do I need for a Japanese pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/japan/how-many-years-for-a-japanese-pension) (en-GB): A pension is payable only with ten years of coverage, though periods in an agreement country can be added to reach it. Where Japanese insured periods alone do not meet the qualifying requirement, periods in a social security agreement partner country can be counted toward the Japanese qualifying period; the page's worked example shows this against the 10-year requirement (被保険者期間が10年以上). - [Do Japanese pensioners living abroad need to send a status report?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/japan/japanese-pension-living-abroad-status-report) (en-GB): A pensioner living abroad must submit a 現況届 (status report) once a year; the deadline is the last day of the pensioner's birth month. A pensioner moving abroad must file the 'Registration (Change) of Address and Receiving Financial Institution for Pension Beneficiaries Residing Overseas' form by the last day of the month before last relative to the pension payment date. - [Can I use Nenkin Net from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/japan/nenkin-net-from-abroad) (en-GB): Nenkin Net (Japan Pension Service): Online access to your pension records, contribution history and benefit estimates, run by the Japan Pension Service. Registration needs either a My Number Card or your Basic Pension Number. - [外国人は日本の年金の脱退一時金を受け取れますか？](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/japan/dattai-ichijikin-gaikokujin) (ja): これとは別に、加入期間が六か月以上ある出国する外国人労働者は、脱退一時金を申請できます。 日本国籍を持たない人が日本を出国した場合、脱退一時金は出国後二年以内に申請しなければなりません。 - [脱退一時金の申請に期限はありますか？](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/japan/dattai-ichijikin-kigen) (ja): 公的年金制度の被保険者資格を喪失した人は、最後に被保険者資格を喪失した日から二年以内に限り、脱退一時金を申請できます。 被保険者資格を喪失した日にまだ日本に住所があった場合は、二年の期間は日本に住所を有しなくなった日から数えます。 - [海外に住む年金受給者は現況届を提出する必要がありますか？](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/japan/genkyo-todoke-kaigai-zaiju) (ja): 海外に住む年金受給者は年に一度、現況届を提出しなければならず、その期限は受給者の誕生月の末日です。 海外に転出する年金受給者は、年金の支払日の前々月の末日までに、海外に住む年金受給者の住所と受取金融機関を登録（変更）するための届出書を提出しなければなりません。 - [ねんきんネットは海外から利用できますか？](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/japan/nenkin-net-kaigai-kara) (ja): ねんきんネット（日本年金機構）：年金記録、保険料の納付履歴、年金見込額をオンラインで確認できるサービスで、日本年金機構が運営しています。 登録には、マイナンバーカードか基礎年金番号のどちらかが必要です。 ### United Arab Emirates: questions and answers - [Is there a UAE pension for expats?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/uae/is-there-a-uae-pension-for-expats) (en-GB): The UAE pays no state pension to expatriate workers. A private sector expatriate earns an end of service gratuity instead, and only from one full year of continuous service: 21 days of basic wage per year for the first five years, 30 days per year after that, capped at two years' wage. - [How is end of service gratuity calculated in the UAE?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/uae/how-is-uae-end-of-service-gratuity-calculated) (en-GB): A private sector expatriate earns an end of service gratuity instead, and only from one full year of continuous service: 21 days of basic wage per year for the first five years, 30 days per year after that, capped at two years' wage. It is a debt of the former employer, and no authority page we read offers a register, a search or a lookup for unpaid end of service money. - [Is there a time limit for unpaid end of service gratuity in the UAE?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/uae/time-limit-for-unpaid-end-of-service-gratuity-uae) (en-GB): For a private sector job the government portal states that nothing due will be heard once one year has passed from the date of the violation, and that page was last updated 12 August 2026. If the job was in DIFC, the Employment Law is shorter still: a court will not consider a case under that law unless it is brought while employed or within six months of the termination date. - [What happens to DIFC end of service savings after I leave?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/uae/difc-end-of-service-savings) (en-GB): In DIFC the same percentages have been compulsory since 1 February 2020 and sit with a master trustee. In DIFC the money sits with a master trustee and an administrator, and neither DIFC's pages nor its Employment Law states how a former member abroad gets paid. ### Vietnam: questions and answers - [Can foreigners get a Vietnam social insurance refund?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/vietnam/vietnam-social-insurance-refund-for-foreigners) (en-GB): The Law on Social Insurance No. 41/2024/QH15 (in force from 1 July 2025) provides that a foreign-citizen employee working in Vietnam under compulsory social insurance who has ceased participating may, on request, receive a one-time social insurance payment in listed cases, including where they meet pension conditions but no longer reside in Vietnam, and where their labour contract ends or their work permit, practice certificate or practice licence expires without renewal. Decree 143/2018/ND-CP sets the window for a foreign employee's one-off social insurance payment at ten days counted to the end of the labour contract or the expiry of the work permit, and the dossier must already be translated into Vietnamese and certified under Vietnamese law. - [Do foreigners pay social insurance in Vietnam?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/vietnam/do-foreigners-pay-social-insurance-in-vietnam) (en-GB): Vietnam has charged foreign employees for a pension since 1 January 2022. Decree 143/2018/ND-CP, in force from 1 December 2018, puts anyone holding a Vietnamese work permit or practising certificate and a contract of a year or more into compulsory social insurance, and from 1 January 2022 takes 8 per cent of monthly salary from the worker while the employer adds 14 per cent to the retirement and survivorship fund, plus 3 per cent for sickness and maternity and 0.5 per cent for occupational accidents. - [What is the retirement age in Vietnam?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/vietnam/vietnam-retirement-age) (en-GB): Vietnam's retirement age rises on a year-by-year schedule, reaching 62 for men in 2028 and 60 for women in 2035, so the age at which a pension can start depends on the calendar year of retirement. The Law on Social Insurance No. 41/2024/QH15 (in force from 1 July 2025) provides that within 20 days before the employee meets the pension conditions, the employer submits the pension dossier to the social insurance agency; a person with a reserved period of compulsory contributions submits their own dossier within the same 20 days before eligibility. - [How do I check my Vietnam social insurance record?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/vietnam/check-vietnam-social-insurance-record) (en-GB): Vietnam Social Security (VssID): Online portal and VssID app to view social insurance contribution history, run by Vietnam Social Security. The participation history lookup asks for province, social insurance office, a date range, your full name, your identity document number, your social insurance number, a captcha and a Vietnamese mobile number, then sends a one time code to the number already registered with the social insurance agency and will not run until that code is entered. ### Italy: questions and answers - [Can foreigners get an Italian pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/italy/italian-pension-for-foreigners) (en-GB): Italy pays its old age pension at 67 in 2026, 67 and one month in 2027 and 67 and three months in 2028, normally on at least 20 years of contributions. Periods insured in the EU, the EEA and Switzerland count toward the Italian minimum, provided at least 52 weeks sit in Italy. - [Can I get an Italian pension with five years of contributions?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/italy/italian-pension-with-five-years-of-contributions) (en-GB): Workers whose contribution record began in 1996 or later can access the old age pension (pensione di vecchiaia) at age 71 with only five years of contributions. A short Italian career is not written off. - [Can non EU workers who went home get an Italian pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/italy/italian-pension-for-repatriated-non-eu-workers) (en-GB): Repatriated non-EU workers can obtain the old age pension at 65 despite contributions below the ordinary contributivo minimum. This derogation does not apply to non-EU workers whose pension is instead settled under the sistema retributivo or misto, who remain subject to the ordinary minimum contribution requirements, though the age of 65 still applies to them too. - [Do Italian pensioners abroad need a proof of life?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/italy/italian-pension-abroad-proof-of-life) (en-GB): INPS's annual proof-of-life check for pensioners paid abroad is run by Citibank. Once in payment abroad, Citibank checks existence in life for INPS each year: for the 2026 first phase, forms went out from 20 March, attestations were due by 18 July, and INPS states that where nothing was produced by 19 August the pension is suspended from the September instalment. - [Is there a time limit for TFR in Italy?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/italy/is-there-a-time-limit-for-tfr-in-italy) (en-GB): INPS states the right to TFR is subject to a five year prescription running from the date employment ended, and ten years only where a court has established it. TFR accrues year by year but becomes payable only once the employment relationship ends. - [Gli stranieri possono avere una pensione italiana?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/italy/pensione-italiana-per-stranieri) (it): L'Italia paga la pensione di vecchiaia a 67 anni nel 2026, a 67 anni e un mese nel 2027 e a 67 anni e tre mesi nel 2028, di norma con almeno 20 anni di contributi. I periodi assicurati nell'UE, nel SEE e in Svizzera contano per il minimo italiano, purché almeno 52 settimane siano state maturate in Italia. - [Si può avere la pensione italiana con 5 anni di contributi?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/italy/pensione-con-5-anni-di-contributi) (it): I lavoratori la cui contribuzione è iniziata nel 1996 o dopo possono accedere alla pensione di vecchiaia a 71 anni con soli cinque anni di contributi. Una breve carriera in Italia non va persa. - [I lavoratori extracomunitari rimpatriati possono avere la pensione italiana?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/italy/pensione-extracomunitari-rimpatriati) (it): I lavoratori extracomunitari rimpatriati possono ottenere la pensione di vecchiaia a 65 anni anche con contributi inferiori al minimo ordinario del sistema contributivo. Questa deroga non si applica ai lavoratori extracomunitari la cui pensione è liquidata invece con il sistema retributivo o misto, che restano soggetti ai requisiti contributivi minimi ordinari, anche se l'età di 65 anni vale anche per loro. - [I pensionati italiani all'estero devono attestare l'esistenza in vita?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/italy/esistenza-in-vita-pensionati-estero) (it): La verifica annuale dell'esistenza in vita dell'INPS per i pensionati pagati all'estero è svolta da Citibank. Quando la pensione è pagata all'estero, Citibank verifica ogni anno l'esistenza in vita per conto dell'INPS: per la prima fase del 2026 i moduli sono stati inviati dal 20 marzo, le attestazioni andavano presentate entro il 18 luglio e l'INPS precisa che, se nulla è stato prodotto entro il 19 agosto, la pensione è sospesa dalla rata di settembre. - [Entro quanto tempo si prescrive il TFR?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/italy/prescrizione-del-tfr) (it): L'INPS precisa che il diritto al TFR è soggetto a prescrizione quinquennale, che decorre dalla data di cessazione del rapporto di lavoro, e decennale solo se accertato da una sentenza. Il TFR matura anno per anno ma diventa esigibile solo quando cessa il rapporto di lavoro. ### Belgium: questions and answers - [Do I get a Belgian pension after working in Belgium for a few years?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/belgium/belgian-pension-after-working-in-belgium) (en-GB): A Belgian employee pension starts after a single day of work: the Federal Pensions Service states you already have a retirement pension as an employee or civil servant after having worked one day. Each Belgian year adds a fixed fraction of that year's capped, revalued salary, so a few Belgian years leave a small permanent monthly payment for life, not a refund. - [How do I apply for a Belgian pension from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/belgium/apply-for-belgian-pension-from-abroad) (en-GB): Belgium does start some pensions with no application, but only on a three-part test a former worker abroad fails. The Federal Pensions Service requires all three: retiring at statutory age, having worked as an employee or self-employed person in Belgium, and having lived in Belgium since at least thirteen months before that age. - [When should I apply for my Belgian pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/belgium/when-to-apply-for-belgian-pension) (en-GB): A Belgian pension application can only be filed inside a fixed window: no earlier than 12 months before, and no later than the month before, the date the pension is to start. Statutory age is 65 if born before 1960, 66 for 1960 to 1963, 67 from 1964. - [Do Belgian pensioners abroad need a life certificate?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/belgium/belgian-pension-life-certificate) (en-GB): A Belgian pensioner living in a country with no electronic data-exchange agreement is sent a life certificate and must complete and return it within 30 days of receiving it. If the Federal Pensions Service does not receive the completed life certificate back within 30 days, it stops paying the pension. - [Can I log in to mypension.be from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/belgium/mypension-from-abroad) (en-GB): mypension.be: Combined state, occupational and self-employed pension overview. ETS founding member. The online route is gated too: mypension.be opens only with a Belgian eID, itsme or another CSAM digital key, and both assume a Belgian card. - [Hoeveel jaar moet ik in België werken voor een pensioen?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/belgium/belgisch-pensioen-na-enkele-jaren-werk) (nl): Een Belgisch werknemerspensioen begint na één enkele dag werk: de Federale Pensioendienst stelt dat u al een rustpensioen als werknemer of ambtenaar hebt nadat u één dag hebt gewerkt. Elk Belgisch jaar voegt een vaste breuk toe van het begrensde, geherwaardeerde loon van dat jaar, zodat enkele Belgische jaren een klein blijvend maandbedrag voor het leven opleveren, geen terugbetaling. - [Hoe vraag ik mijn Belgisch pensioen aan vanuit het buitenland?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/belgium/belgisch-pensioen-aanvragen-vanuit-het-buitenland) (nl): België laat sommige pensioenen zonder aanvraag ingaan, maar alleen op basis van een toets in drie delen waar een gewezen werknemer in het buitenland niet aan voldoet. De Federale Pensioendienst eist alle drie: met pensioen gaan op de wettelijke leeftijd, in België als werknemer of zelfstandige hebben gewerkt, en sinds minstens dertien maanden vóór die leeftijd in België wonen. - [Wanneer moet ik mijn pensioen in België aanvragen?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/belgium/wanneer-pensioen-aanvragen-in-belgie) (nl): Een Belgische pensioenaanvraag kan alleen binnen een vaste periode worden ingediend: niet vroeger dan 12 maanden vóór, en niet later dan de maand vóór de datum waarop het pensioen moet ingaan. De wettelijke leeftijd is 65 voor wie vóór 1960 geboren is, 66 voor 1960 tot 1963, 67 vanaf 1964. - [Moet ik als Belgische gepensioneerde in het buitenland een levensbewijs sturen?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/belgium/levensbewijs-belgisch-pensioen) (nl): Een Belgische gepensioneerde die woont in een land zonder akkoord over elektronische gegevensuitwisseling, krijgt een levensbewijs toegestuurd en moet het binnen 30 dagen na ontvangst invullen en terugsturen. Als de Federale Pensioendienst het ingevulde levensbewijs niet binnen 30 dagen terug ontvangt, stopt hij met de betaling van het pensioen. - [Kan ik mij vanuit het buitenland aanmelden op mypension.be?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/belgium/mypension-vanuit-het-buitenland) (nl): mypension.be: gecombineerd overzicht van het wettelijk pensioen, het aanvullend pensioen en het pensioen als zelfstandige. Medeoprichter van ETS. Ook de onlineroute is afgesloten: mypension.be opent alleen met een Belgische eID, itsme of een andere digitale sleutel van CSAM, en die veronderstellen allemaal een Belgische kaart. - [Combien d'années faut-il travailler en Belgique pour une pension ?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/belgium/pension-belge-combien-d-annees-de-travail) (fr): Une pension belge de salarié commence après un seul jour de travail : le Service fédéral des Pensions indique que vous avez déjà une pension de retraite de salarié ou de fonctionnaire après avoir travaillé un jour. Chaque année belge ajoute une fraction fixe du salaire plafonné et revalorisé de cette année, de sorte que quelques années belges laissent un petit montant mensuel à vie, et non un remboursement. - [Comment demander sa pension belge depuis l'étranger ?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/belgium/demande-de-pension-belge-depuis-l-etranger) (fr): La Belgique fait commencer certaines pensions sans demande, mais seulement selon un critère en trois parties qu'un ancien travailleur vivant à l'étranger ne remplit pas. Le Service fédéral des Pensions exige les trois : partir à l'âge légal, avoir travaillé en Belgique comme salarié ou indépendant, et avoir vécu en Belgique depuis au moins treize mois avant cet âge. - [Quand demander sa pension en Belgique ?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/belgium/quand-demander-sa-pension-en-belgique) (fr): Une demande de pension belge ne peut être introduite que dans un délai fixe : au plus tôt 12 mois avant, et au plus tard le mois précédant, la date à laquelle la pension doit prendre cours. L'âge légal est de 65 ans pour les personnes nées avant 1960, 66 ans pour 1960 à 1963, 67 ans à partir de 1964. - [Les pensionnés belges à l'étranger doivent-ils envoyer un certificat de vie ?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/belgium/certificat-de-vie-pension-belge) (fr): Un pensionné belge qui vit dans un pays sans accord d'échange électronique de données reçoit un certificat de vie et doit le remplir et le renvoyer dans les 30 jours de sa réception. Si le Service fédéral des Pensions ne reçoit pas le certificat de vie rempli dans les 30 jours, il cesse de payer la pension. - [Peut-on se connecter à mypension.be depuis l'étranger ?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/belgium/mypension-depuis-l-etranger) (fr): mypension.be : aperçu combiné de la pension légale, de la pension complémentaire et de la pension d'indépendant. Membre fondateur d'ETS. La voie en ligne est fermée elle aussi : mypension.be ne s'ouvre qu'avec une eID belge, itsme ou une autre clé numérique CSAM, et toutes supposent une carte belge. ### Luxembourg: questions and answers - [How many years do I need for a Luxembourg pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/luxembourg/how-many-years-for-a-luxembourg-pension) (en-GB): An old age pension at 65 needs 120 months of insurance, and CNAP confirms those ten years may be assembled from several countries. But a non-resident needs at least one year inside Luxembourg: below that, guichet.lu states the Luxembourg months are counted by whichever country pays, and give no right to payment from a Luxembourg fund. - [Can I get my Luxembourg pension contributions refunded?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/luxembourg/luxembourg-pension-contributions-refund) (en-GB): Where the 120 months are never reached, Article 213 of the Code de la securite sociale returns the contributions actually credited, the insured and employer shares, adjusted to the cost of living index, with the State share excluded. An application for reimbursement of pension contributions must be submitted by the time the pension is paid. - [How do I apply for a Luxembourg pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/luxembourg/how-to-apply-for-a-luxembourg-pension) (en-GB): A Luxembourg old-age pension is never awarded automatically: it must be applied for, and the application is submitted between 2 and 6 months before the intended pension start date (at least 6 months if there is a foreign career). Nothing is automatic: CNAP states that the award of a pension is not automatic and an application is required, and non residents normally lodge it in the country where they live. - [Do Luxembourg pensioners abroad need a certificate of life?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/luxembourg/luxembourg-pension-certificate-of-life) (en-GB): CNAP posts a life certificate to pension beneficiaries during their month of birth, and the beneficiary must return it before the deadline printed on the form. Once in payment, certificates of life go out in the beneficiary's birth month, and CNAP states that payment of the pension will be stopped if the form is not returned by the deadline, is a copy, or is incomplete. - [Wie viele Jahre brauche ich für eine Rente aus Luxemburg?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/luxembourg/rente-luxemburg-nach-10-jahren) (de): Eine Altersrente mit 65 setzt 120 Versicherungsmonate voraus, und die CNAP bestätigt, dass diese zehn Jahre in mehreren Ländern zusammenkommen dürfen. Ein Nichtansässiger braucht aber mindestens ein Jahr in Luxemburg: Darunter, so guichet.lu, werden die luxemburgischen Monate von dem Land angerechnet, das zahlt, und geben keinen Anspruch auf Zahlung aus einer luxemburgischen Kasse. - [Wie stelle ich einen Rentenantrag in Luxemburg?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/luxembourg/rentenantrag-luxemburg) (de): Eine luxemburgische Altersrente wird nie automatisch gewährt: Sie muss beantragt werden, und der Antrag wird zwischen 2 und 6 Monaten vor dem gewünschten Rentenbeginn gestellt (mindestens 6 Monate bei einer Laufbahn im Ausland). Nichts geschieht automatisch: Die CNAP erklärt, dass die Gewährung einer Rente nicht automatisch erfolgt und ein Antrag nötig ist, und Nichtansässige stellen ihn in der Regel in dem Land, in dem sie leben. - [Combien d'années faut-il pour une pension au Luxembourg ?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/luxembourg/pension-luxembourg-10-ans) (fr): Une pension de vieillesse à 65 ans demande 120 mois d'assurance, et la CNAP confirme que ces dix années peuvent être réunies dans plusieurs pays. Mais un non-résident a besoin d'au moins une année au Luxembourg : en dessous, guichet.lu indique que les mois luxembourgeois sont comptés par le pays qui paie et ne donnent droit à aucun paiement d'une caisse luxembourgeoise. - [Peut-on se faire rembourser ses cotisations de pension au Luxembourg ?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/luxembourg/remboursement-cotisations-pension-luxembourg) (fr): Lorsque les 120 mois ne sont jamais atteints, l'article 213 du Code de la sécurité sociale rembourse les cotisations effectivement inscrites, parts de l'assuré et de l'employeur, adaptées à l'indice du coût de la vie, la part de l'État étant exclue. Une demande de remboursement des cotisations de pension doit être introduite au plus tard au moment où la pension est payée. - [Comment faire sa demande de pension au Luxembourg ?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/luxembourg/demande-de-pension-luxembourg) (fr): Une pension de vieillesse luxembourgeoise n'est jamais accordée automatiquement : elle doit être demandée, et la demande est introduite entre 2 et 6 mois avant la date de début souhaitée (au moins 6 mois en cas de carrière à l'étranger). Rien n'est automatique : la CNAP indique que l'attribution d'une pension n'est pas automatique et qu'une demande est nécessaire, et les non-résidents l'introduisent normalement dans le pays où ils vivent. - [Les pensionnés du Luxembourg à l'étranger doivent-ils envoyer un certificat de vie ?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/luxembourg/certificat-de-vie-cnap-luxembourg) (fr): La CNAP envoie un certificat de vie aux bénéficiaires d'une pension pendant leur mois de naissance, et le bénéficiaire doit le renvoyer avant la date limite inscrite sur le formulaire. Une fois la pension en paiement, les certificats de vie partent le mois de naissance du bénéficiaire, et la CNAP indique que le paiement de la pension sera arrêté si le formulaire n'est pas renvoyé dans le délai, s'il s'agit d'une copie ou s'il est incomplet. ### Sweden: questions and answers - [Do I get a Swedish pension after working in Sweden for a few years?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/sweden/swedish-pension-for-foreigners) (en-GB): Pensionsmyndigheten states no minimum number of years for inkomstpension or premiepension, so a few Swedish years stand on their own. The one stated minimum, three years for garantipension, may be met by combining Swedish time with time lived or worked in another EU or EEA country or Switzerland. - [How do I apply for my Swedish pension from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/sweden/apply-for-swedish-pension-from-abroad) (en-GB): The English application page, updated 17 July 2026, puts it plainly: you apply on the Agency's website with an e-ID approved in Sweden. Pensionsmyndigheten states that the Swedish pension is not paid automatically and cannot be applied for retroactively; payment runs from the month the application reaches the Agency, and an application may be lodged at the earliest one year before the withdrawal age. - [Can the Swedish pension be paid retroactively?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/sweden/can-swedish-pension-be-paid-retroactively) (en-GB): Swedish national public pension is never paid automatically and can never be backdated: every month of delay in applying is a month of pension that is never received. Pensionsmyndigheten states that the Swedish pension is not paid automatically and cannot be applied for retroactively; payment runs from the month the application reaches the Agency, and an application may be lodged at the earliest one year before the withdrawal age. - [Do Swedish pensioners abroad need a life certificate?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/sweden/swedish-pension-life-certificate) (en-GB): A person who lives outside Sweden and receives a pension from the Swedish Pensions Agency must send in a life certificate (levnadsintyg) every single year for the payment to continue. If it is not returned by that date, payments are stopped from the following month and stay stopped. - [Får jag svensk pension efter några år i Sverige?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/sweden/svensk-pension-efter-nagra-ar-i-sverige) (sv): Pensionsmyndigheten anger inget minsta antal år för inkomstpension eller premiepension, så några svenska år räcker i sig. Den enda angivna minimitiden, tre år för garantipension, kan uppfyllas genom att svensk tid läggs ihop med tid som man har bott eller arbetat i ett annat EU- eller EES-land eller i Schweiz. - [Hur ansöker jag om svensk pension från utlandet?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/sweden/ansoka-om-svensk-pension-fran-utlandet) (sv): Den engelska ansökningssidan, uppdaterad den 17 juli 2026, säger det rakt ut: du ansöker på myndighetens webbplats med en e-legitimation som är godkänd i Sverige. Pensionsmyndigheten anger att den svenska pensionen inte betalas ut automatiskt och inte kan sökas retroaktivt; utbetalningen gäller från den månad då ansökan kommer in till myndigheten, och en ansökan kan lämnas tidigast ett år före uttagsåldern. - [Kan man få allmän pension retroaktivt?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/sweden/allman-pension-retroaktivt) (sv): Den svenska allmänna pensionen betalas aldrig ut automatiskt och kan aldrig betalas retroaktivt: varje månad som ansökan dröjer är en månads pension som aldrig betalas ut. Pensionsmyndigheten anger att den svenska pensionen inte betalas ut automatiskt och inte kan sökas retroaktivt; utbetalningen gäller från den månad då ansökan kommer in till myndigheten, och en ansökan kan lämnas tidigast ett år före uttagsåldern. - [Behöver svenska pensionärer utomlands skicka in levnadsintyg?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/sweden/levnadsintyg-pension-utomlands) (sv): Den som bor utanför Sverige och får pension från Pensionsmyndigheten måste skicka in ett levnadsintyg varje år för att utbetalningen ska fortsätta. Om det inte har kommit in senast det datumet stoppas utbetalningarna från och med månaden därpå och förblir stoppade. ### Denmark: questions and answers - [Is the Danish ATP pension paid if I live abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/denmark/danish-atp-pension-living-abroad) (en-GB): ATP pays residents automatically but states that members living abroad are paid only on request. ATP Livslang Pension covers almost every employee who worked at least nine hours a week, and it is the one Danish entitlement a short career reliably creates. - [Is a small ATP pension paid as a lump sum?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/denmark/small-atp-pension-paid-as-a-lump-sum) (en-GB): Official 2026 figures: if the annual ATP pension computes to DKK 3,600 or less it is converted to a single capitalised amount, and a 40 per cent state charge is deducted. One appeal case shows contributions across 1998 to 2022 producing an annual pension small enough to be capitalised before the charge. - [Can I get Danish folkepension if I live abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/denmark/danish-folkepension-living-abroad) (en-GB): Folkepension is separate and residence based: the full basic amount and single supplement are scaled down to the fraction actually lived in Denmark. Folkepension backdates to the month pension age was reached only if the application arrives by the 10th of the fifth month after that date; later than that, payment starts the first of the month after the application and the earlier months are gone. - [Do Danish pensioners abroad need a life certificate?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/denmark/danish-pension-life-certificate) (en-GB): A person who lives outside Denmark and receives folkepension, førtidspension or seniorpension must confirm every year that they are alive by returning a life certificate (leveattest) to Udbetaling Danmark. ATP sends life certificates to ATP Livslang Pension recipients living abroad each May, and the certificate must be returned to ATP. - [Bliver ATP udbetalt, hvis jeg bor i udlandet?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/denmark/atp-livslang-pension-i-udlandet) (da): ATP udbetaler automatisk til personer med bopæl i Danmark, men oplyser, at medlemmer, der bor i udlandet, kun får udbetaling efter ansøgning. ATP Livslang Pension omfatter næsten alle lønmodtagere, der har arbejdet mindst ni timer om ugen, og det er den ene danske rettighed, som en kort karriere med sikkerhed giver. - [Bliver en lille ATP-pension udbetalt som engangsbeløb?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/denmark/atp-udbetalt-som-engangsbeloeb) (da): Officielle tal for 2026: Hvis den årlige ATP-pension udgør 3.600 kr. eller mindre, omregnes den til ét samlet kapitaliseret beløb, og der trækkes en afgift til staten på 40 procent. En klagesag viser, at bidrag fra 1998 til 2022 gav en årlig pension, der var lille nok til at blive kapitaliseret før afgiften. - [Kan jeg få dansk folkepension, hvis jeg bor i udlandet?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/denmark/folkepension-i-udlandet) (da): Folkepensionen er en særskilt ydelse, der bygger på bopæl: det fulde grundbeløb og pensionstillægget for enlige nedsættes til den brøkdel af tiden, man faktisk har boet i Danmark. Folkepensionen udbetales med tilbagevirkende kraft fra den måned, hvor folkepensionsalderen blev nået, kun hvis ansøgningen er modtaget senest den 10. i den femte måned efter den dato; kommer den senere, begynder udbetalingen den første i måneden efter ansøgningen, og de tidligere måneder er tabt. - [Skal danske pensionister i udlandet sende en leveattest?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/denmark/leveattest-pension-i-udlandet) (da): Den, der bor uden for Danmark og får folkepension, førtidspension eller seniorpension, skal hvert år bekræfte at være i live ved at sende en leveattest tilbage til Udbetaling Danmark. ATP sender hvert år i maj leveattester til modtagere af ATP Livslang Pension, der bor i udlandet, og attesten skal sendes tilbage til ATP. ### Norway: questions and answers - [Can I get my Norwegian pension if I live abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/norway/norwegian-pension-living-abroad) (en-GB): Born 1963 or later, earned inntektspensjon is paid abroad regardless, but garantipensjon is kept only with at least 20 years' residence between 16 and 67. Separately, the guarantee pension is payable outside Norway only on at least 20 years of insurance time. - [How long do you have to work in Norway to get a pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/norway/how-long-to-work-in-norway-for-a-pension) (en-GB): Five years of insurance time opens the right, and NAV states that years lived or worked in an EEA country, or in a country Norway has an agreement with, are added to your Norwegian years to reach it. So a few Norwegian years produce a real lifelong payment rather than nothing. - [How do I apply for my Norwegian pension from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/norway/apply-for-norwegian-pension-from-abroad) (en-GB): NAV states you must apply four months before the date you want payment to start, and that old-age pension from NAV is paid at the earliest from the month after it receives your application. Its page for people living outside Norway states plainly that you cannot apply backwards in time. - [Do Norwegian pensioners abroad need a life certificate?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/norway/norwegian-pension-life-certificate) (en-GB): A person who lives abroad and receives a pension from Nav must return the life certificate Nav posts to them within 2 months of the date on Nav's letter, signed by them and attested either by two adult witnesses or by a public authority where they live, and sent by ordinary letter post (Nav states there is no digital solution and it cannot accept registered post, courier or email). Forms go out at the start of April; the general deadline is 2 months from the date NAV sends the letter. - [Kan jeg få norsk alderspensjon hvis jeg bor i utlandet?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/norway/alderspensjon-bosatt-i-utlandet) (no): Er du født i 1963 eller senere, utbetales opptjent inntektspensjon til utlandet uansett, men garantipensjon beholdes bare med minst 20 års botid mellom 16 og 67 år. I tillegg kan garantipensjonen bare utbetales utenfor Norge med minst 20 års trygdetid. - [Hvor lenge må man jobbe i Norge for å få pensjon?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/norway/hvor-lenge-jobbe-i-norge-for-pensjon) (no): Fem års trygdetid gir rett til pensjon, og NAV opplyser at år du har bodd eller arbeidet i et EØS-land, eller i et land Norge har avtale med, legges sammen med dine norske år for å nå dit. Noen få norske år gir dermed en reell livsvarig utbetaling i stedet for ingenting. - [Hvordan søker jeg norsk alderspensjon fra utlandet?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/norway/soke-alderspensjon-fra-utlandet) (no): NAV opplyser at du må søke fire måneder før datoen du vil at utbetalingen skal starte, og at alderspensjon fra NAV tidligst utbetales fra måneden etter at søknaden er mottatt. Siden for personer som bor utenfor Norge sier rett ut at du ikke kan søke bakover i tid. - [Må norske pensjonister i utlandet sende leveattest?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/norway/leveattest-nav-pensjon-i-utlandet) (no): Den som bor i utlandet og mottar pensjon fra Nav, må returnere leveattesten Nav sender i posten innen 2 måneder fra datoen på brevet fra Nav, signert av vedkommende selv og bekreftet enten av to voksne vitner eller av en offentlig myndighet der vedkommende bor, og sendt som vanlig brevpost (Nav opplyser at det ikke finnes noen digital løsning, og at Nav ikke kan ta imot rekommandert post, bud eller e-post). Skjemaene sendes ut i begynnelsen av april; den generelle fristen er 2 måneder fra datoen NAV sender brevet. ### India: questions and answers - [Can international workers withdraw EPF when they leave India?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/india/can-international-workers-withdraw-epf) (en-GB): EPFO's FAQ states that an International Worker from a country with which India has a Social Security Agreement may withdraw the full EPF balance on ceasing to be an employee in a covered establishment, whereas an International Worker not covered by an SSA may withdraw the full amount only (i) on retirement from service after 58 years of age or (ii) on retirement due to permanent and total incapacity certified by the authorised medical officer. The FAQ also states that EPS-95 withdrawal benefit is not available to IWs from non-SSA countries. - [Can I withdraw my PF after leaving India?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/india/pf-withdrawal-after-leaving-india) (en-GB): A member who resigns (rather than retires at superannuation) must wait two months after leaving service before the EPF amount can be withdrawn. An EPF account that receives no contribution for three years after retirement, permanent migration abroad, or death is classified as inoperative. - [Does an inactive EPF account earn interest?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/india/does-an-inactive-epf-account-earn-interest) (en-GB): EPFO classifies an account as inoperative when no contribution has been received for three years after retirement or permanent migration abroad, and its answer on whether such an account earns interest is no, with interest running only to age 58. In March 2026 EPFO's board approved automatic settlement for about 1.33 lakh inoperative accounts holding roughly Rs 5.68 crore, and only where the balance is Rs 1,000 or less and an Aadhaar seeded bank account is already on file. - [How do I find an old PF account?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/india/how-to-find-an-old-pf-account) (en-GB): EPFO Unified Member Portal (UAN): Check your EPF (Provident Fund) balance, passbook and contribution history, run by the Employees' Provident Fund Organisation. A former employee who left India two decades ago has no live Aadhaar, often no UAN at all because the number only began in 2014, and no Indian bank account to receive a settlement. ### Malaysia: questions and answers - [How do I withdraw my EPF when leaving Malaysia?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/malaysia/epf-withdrawal-when-leaving-malaysia) (en-GB): The EPF pays only on an application, and the Leaving Country route lists its channels as self-service terminals and EPF offices in Malaysia, with no online submission through i-Akaun for this type. The EPF says expatriates should apply two months before a work pass expires or a contract ends, which for most people abroad is long past. - [Do foreign workers have EPF in Malaysia?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/malaysia/epf-for-foreign-workers-in-malaysia) (en-GB): If you worked in Malaysia and your employer registered you with the EPF, the balance is still yours and there is no minimum service period: the eligibility test the fund publishes is simply that you have savings with it. Non-Malaysian citizens who joined later sat at 2 per cent and 2 per cent, which became compulsory from the October 2025 salary. - [What happens to my EPF savings after three years without contributions?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/malaysia/epf-savings-after-three-years-without-contributions) (en-GB): A non citizen member's EPF account, registered on or after 1 August 1998, is transferred out of the EPF once no contribution has been credited to it for three years. The fund also states that savings in this position are moved out to the Accountant General's Department under section 70H, and that anything after that is handled with that department and not with the EPF. - [How do I check my EPF balance from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/malaysia/check-epf-balance-from-abroad) (en-GB): EPF KWSP i-Akaun: Check EPF balance, contribution history, and account statements. i-Akaun registration meanwhile wants a selfie and a one-time code sent to the phone number the fund already holds for you. ### Singapore: questions and answers - [Do foreigners have CPF in Singapore?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/singapore/do-foreigners-have-cpf-in-singapore) (en-GB): For work from 1 January 2003 onward there is no CPF balance to find. Before 1987 contributions were mandatory for all employees, foreigners included, and between 1987 and 2003 voluntary contributions were still possible. - [Can I withdraw my CPF if I give up my PR?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/singapore/can-i-withdraw-cpf-if-i-give-up-pr) (en-GB): CPF Board states that for renunciation on or after 1 April 2024, the member may close their own CPF account and transfer the savings to their bank account once renunciation is completed; otherwise the account will be automatically closed in the following month. The savings can still be transferred to a bank account at any time. - [How do I withdraw CPF from overseas?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/singapore/cpf-withdrawal-from-overseas) (en-GB): CPF Board states that a member outside Singapore who does not have Singpass must have their documents witnessed and certified true either by an official from a Singapore Overseas Mission, with the official seal or stamp affixed, or, in Apostille Convention countries, first witnessed and certified true by a Notary Public and then certified by the country's designated Competent Authority via an apostille certificate. The average processing time for such an application is stated to be about 12 weeks. - [Can I log in to my CPF account with Singpass from overseas?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/singapore/can-i-use-singpass-from-overseas) (en-GB): CPF tells former members to log in to my cpf digital services while you still have access to your Singpass account, which concedes in its own sentence that the access is temporary. Singpass registration is open to Singapore Citizens, Permanent Residents and holders of a Foreign Identification Number, so the credential is tied to a status the former employee no longer holds. ### South Korea: questions and answers - [Can foreigners get a Korean pension refund?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/south-korea/korean-pension-refund-for-foreigners) (en-GB): Departing foreigners are instead paid a lump sum refund of contributions plus interest, set by the three year fixed deposit rate, but only if their nationality qualifies. NPS pays a lump sum refund only where your country grants Korean nationals an equivalent benefit, or an agreement covering lump sum refunds exists, or you held an E-8, E-9 or H-2 visa. - [Do foreigners get a Korean national pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/south-korea/korean-national-pension-for-foreigners) (en-GB): Work a few years in South Korea and 9 per cent of your monthly base income went to the National Pension Service, half from you and half from your employer. A pension needs ten years of coverage; under ten years and nothing is payable monthly. - [Do foreigners get severance pay in Korea?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/south-korea/korea-severance-pay-for-foreigners) (en-GB): Separately, your employer or a financial institution still holds your severance, at least thirty days of average wage for each year of continuous service. The right to severance pay under the Employee Retirement Benefit Security Act expires after three years without exercise. - [How do I apply for the Korean pension refund?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/south-korea/how-to-apply-for-korean-pension-refund) (en-GB): Since 29 Aug 2007 the refund on grounds of returning home is paid only once departure is confirmed; an application may be lodged before departure with proof of departure within one month. Application is in person by default, and documents signed abroad need notarisation plus Korean consular attestation. - [외국인은 국민연금 반환일시금을 받을 수 있나요?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/south-korea/oegugin-gungminyeongeum-banhwan-ilsigeum) (ko): 한국을 떠나는 외국인에게는 그 대신 납부한 보험료에 이자를 더한 반환일시금이 지급되며, 이자는 삼 년 만기 정기예금 이자율로 정해지지만, 국적이 요건을 충족하는 경우에만 지급됩니다. 국민연금공단은 본국이 한국인에게 같은 성격의 급여를 지급하거나, 반환일시금을 다루는 협정이 있거나, E-8, E-9 또는 H-2 비자를 가졌던 경우에만 반환일시금을 지급합니다. - [외국인도 국민연금을 받을 수 있나요?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/south-korea/oegugin-gungminyeongeum-suryeong-jogeon) (ko): 한국에서 몇 년 일했다면 기준소득월액의 9퍼센트가 국민연금공단에 납부되었으며, 절반은 본인이, 절반은 고용주가 부담했습니다. 연금을 받으려면 십 년의 가입 기간이 필요하며, 십 년 미만이면 매월 지급되는 연금은 없습니다. - [외국인도 한국에서 퇴직금을 받을 수 있나요?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/south-korea/oegugin-toejikgeum) (ko): 이와 별도로, 고용주나 금융기관이 여전히 본인의 퇴직금을 보관하고 있으며, 그 금액은 계속근로기간 일 년마다 평균임금 삼십 일분 이상입니다. 근로자퇴직급여 보장법에 따른 퇴직금을 받을 권리는 삼 년간 행사하지 않으면 소멸합니다. ### Indonesia: questions and answers - [Can foreigners withdraw BPJS JHT when they leave Indonesia?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/indonesia/can-foreigners-withdraw-bpjs-jht) (en-GB): JHT (Jaminan Hari Tua) is paid out in full as a lump sum when the participant leaves Indonesian territory for good (among the other triggers: age 56, resignation or termination while not working anywhere, total permanent disability, death). The free route is the JMO app, and the authority's own page states that withdrawal through JMO can only be done by workers who are Indonesian citizens, not foreign workers. - [Do I get a BPJS pension with less than 15 years of contributions?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/indonesia/bpjs-pension-with-less-than-15-years) (en-GB): A periodic pension from the Jaminan Pensiun program, instead of a lump sum refund, requires 15 years of contribution period (masa iur) by retirement age. If a Participant reaches Retirement Age before completing a 15 year Contribution Period, they are instead entitled to the full accumulation of their Contributions plus investment returns as a lump sum. - [What is the BPJS Ketenagakerjaan pension age?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/indonesia/bpjs-pension-age) (en-GB): Retirement age became 58 on 1 January 2022 and rises by a year every three years toward 65, so a short Indonesian stint sits still for decades and moves only when someone files. A worker who reaches Indonesian pension age but keeps working may defer taking the Jaminan Pensiun benefit only up to three years past pension age. - [How long after resigning can I withdraw JHT?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/indonesia/jht-withdrawal-after-resigning) (en-GB): An old age savings (JHT) lump sum can be paid only once one month has passed from the issuance of a resignation certificate. The JHT lump sum can be paid only once one month has passed from the date of termination (PHK). ### Philippines: questions and answers - [How many SSS contributions do I need for a pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/philippines/how-many-sss-contributions-for-a-pension) (en-GB): A lifetime monthly SSS pension, instead of a one time lump sum, requires at least 120 monthly contributions before the semester of retirement. A member who has not met the 120 contribution threshold instead receives a one time lump sum equal to total contributions paid plus interest earned. - [Do SSS pensioners abroad need an annual confirmation?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/philippines/sss-annual-confirmation-for-pensioners-abroad) (en-GB): An SSS retirement pensioner living outside the Philippines must comply with the Annual Confirmation of Pensioners (ACOP) programme each year, or the monthly pension is automatically suspended one month after the pensioner's birth month. Once an SSS pension has been suspended for failure to comply with ACOP, the pensioner is automatically cancelled two years after the month of suspension. - [Can I withdraw my Pag-IBIG savings if I leave the Philippines?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/philippines/pag-ibig-withdrawal-when-leaving-the-philippines) (en-GB): Pag-IBIG Fund guarantees refund of a member's Total Accumulated Value (personal savings, employer counterpart, and dividends) only upon occurrence of a listed ground. Membership maturity after 20 years and 240 monthly membership savings is one ground; permanent departure from the country is a separate, earlier ground that also makes the member eligible for the refund. - [What is the SSS lump sum?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/philippines/sss-lump-sum-below-120-contributions) (en-GB): Below 120 the member gets a single payment only, equal to total contributions paid including interest earned. Totalisation cases cannot be filed online at all. ### Liechtenstein: questions and answers - [Do I get a Liechtenstein AHV pension after a few years of work?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/liechtenstein/liechtenstein-ahv-pension-after-a-few-years) (en-GB): Liechtenstein charges 12.285 per cent in total for AHV, IV and FAK from 1 January 2026, 4.900 from the employee and 7.385 from the employer, and Article 52 of the AHVG opens a first pillar entitlement after one full year of contributions. Short careers are paid on a partial scale running from 1 to 43 against the full scale of 44, and each missing year moves the pension one step down that scale. - [How do I apply for the Liechtenstein AHV pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/liechtenstein/apply-for-liechtenstein-ahv-pension) (en-GB): The Liechtenstein old-age pension application must be filed with the Liechtensteinische AHV-Anstalt three months before reaching retirement age, or before the desired start of an early drawdown. Nothing arrives on its own: without a written registration the AHV states it cannot calculate or pay anything at all. - [What is the pension age in Liechtenstein?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/liechtenstein/liechtenstein-pension-age) (en-GB): Three months is the lead time the AHV asks for, and the entitlement itself begins on the first day of the month after the 65th birthday for everyone born in 1958 or later. Where someone draws early, Article 73 of the AHVG gives effect from the first of the month in which the registration is filed and no earlier, so time spent not registering is simply gone. - [What happens to my Liechtenstein pension fund money when I leave?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/liechtenstein/liechtenstein-pension-fund-after-leaving) (en-GB): The money for a few years of salary sits in the second pillar: the BPVG obliges the employer to insure anyone whose relevant annual salary reaches the annual minimum AHV pension, about CHF 14,700, our arithmetic, and a leaver's balance moves to a vested benefits policy with a Liechtenstein insurer or a blocked bank account. The second pillar is worse: a leaver's balance sits with an insurer or a bank that no public source names, and the supervisor publishes nothing about individual members. - [Wie wird die AHV-Rente in Liechtenstein berechnet, wenn ich nur wenige Jahre gearbeitet habe?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/liechtenstein/ahv-rente-liechtenstein-nach-wenigen-jahren) (de): Liechtenstein erhebt ab 1. Januar 2026 insgesamt 12.285 Prozent für AHV, IV und FAK, 4.900 vom Arbeitnehmer und 7.385 vom Arbeitgeber, und Artikel 52 des AHVG eröffnet nach einem vollen Beitragsjahr einen Anspruch in der ersten Säule. Kurze Laufbahnen werden auf einer Teilskala von 1 bis 43 gegenüber der Vollskala 44 bezahlt, und jedes fehlende Jahr setzt die Rente auf dieser Skala eine Stufe tiefer. - [Wie melde ich meine AHV-Rente in Liechtenstein an?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/liechtenstein/ahv-rentenanmeldung-liechtenstein) (de): Die Anmeldung der liechtensteinischen Altersrente muss drei Monate vor Erreichen des Rentenalters oder vor dem gewünschten Beginn eines Vorbezugs bei der Liechtensteinischen AHV-Anstalt eingereicht werden. Nichts kommt von selbst: Ohne schriftliche Anmeldung kann die AHV nach eigenen Angaben überhaupt nichts berechnen oder auszahlen. - [Wann beginnt die AHV-Rente in Liechtenstein?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/liechtenstein/rentenalter-liechtenstein) (de): Drei Monate Vorlauf verlangt die AHV, und der Anspruch selbst beginnt für alle Jahrgänge ab 1958 am ersten Tag des Monats nach dem 65. Geburtstag. Wer vorbezieht, erhält nach Artikel 73 des AHVG die Rente ab dem Ersten des Monats, in dem die Anmeldung eingereicht wird, und nicht früher, sodass Zeit ohne Anmeldung schlicht verloren ist. - [Was passiert mit meinem Pensionskassenguthaben in Liechtenstein, wenn ich gehe?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/liechtenstein/freizuegigkeitsleistung-liechtenstein) (de): Das Geld für einige Jahre Lohn liegt in der zweiten Säule: Das BPVG verpflichtet den Arbeitgeber, jede Person zu versichern, deren massgebender Jahreslohn die jährliche AHV-Mindestrente erreicht, rund CHF 14.700, unsere Rechnung, und das Guthaben bei einem Austritt geht auf eine Freizügigkeitspolice bei einem liechtensteinischen Versicherer oder auf ein Sperrkonto bei einer Bank. In der zweiten Säule ist es schlimmer: Das Guthaben liegt bei einem Versicherer oder einer Bank, die keine öffentliche Quelle nennt, und die Aufsicht veröffentlicht nichts über einzelne Versicherte. ### Bulgaria: questions and answers - [Can I get a Bulgarian pension with fewer insurance years?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/bulgaria/bulgarian-pension-with-fewer-years) (en-GB): For 2026 a woman needs age 62 years 6 months and an insurance period of 36 years 10 months, a man 64 years 9 months and 39 years 10 months. Short of that, the entitlement arrives at 67 with at least 15 years of actual insurance period, and it is then a pension with an incomplete insurance period, paid at a set fraction of the minimum. - [When should I apply for a Bulgarian pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/bulgaria/when-to-apply-for-bulgarian-pension) (en-GB): An application with the required documents submitted within two months of the date the right was acquired brings the pension from that date. Submitted later, it runs only from the date of submission, and the intervening months are gone. - [How is an NSSI PIK code issued?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/bulgaria/nssi-pik-code) (en-GB): The PIK itself is handed over in person at an NSSI territorial division against a Bulgarian identity card. NSSI's own page states that requests for a PIK sent by post are not processed and that issued PIK certificates are not sent by post. - [What is the minimum Bulgarian pension in 2026?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/bulgaria/bulgarian-minimum-pension-2026) (en-GB): The minimum is 322.37 euro from 1 January 2026 and 347.51 euro from 1 July 2026. Nothing in the Bulgarian system starts without that application. ### Iceland: questions and answers - [Do foreign workers keep their Icelandic pension fund rights?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/iceland/icelandic-pension-funds-for-foreign-workers) (en-GB): The occupational funds are the substance: Act 129/1997 sets the minimum contribution at no less than 15.5 per cent of the contribution base, membership is both a right and a duty for employees and the self employed, and Article 19 bars a fund's own rules from reducing or extinguishing rights already earned. The fund keeps that entitlement and pays it, wherever the member later lives. - [Do I get an Icelandic state pension after a few years of work?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/iceland/icelandic-state-pension-after-a-few-years) (en-GB): A few years on an Icelandic payroll leaves two separate things. Tryggingastofnun needs three calendar years of insurance in Iceland between 16 and 67 to open any entitlement, and 40 years for the full rate, with anything shorter paid in proportion to the residence period. - [Do Icelandic pensioners abroad need a life certificate?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/iceland/icelandic-pension-life-certificate) (en-GB): Pensioners of the funds inside Greidslustofa lifeyrissjoda registered abroad must file a life certificate, certified by a public authority in the country of residence, by 20 April each year. Tryggingastofnun gives the same reasons for a missed payment abroad: no life certificate, no tax return from the country of residence, no foreign address on file. - [When can I apply for the Icelandic old age pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/iceland/when-to-apply-for-icelandic-old-age-pension) (en-GB): If a person waits to apply for ellilífeyrir beyond the general pension age of 67, they can apply for their entitlement up to two years back in time. Nothing on those pages tells a former worker which of the funds holds the money, and the state side will not process an application until every pension fund application has already been approved. ### Latvia: questions and answers - [How many years do I need for a Latvian pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/latvia/how-many-years-for-a-latvian-pension) (en-GB): Latvia pays an old age pension at 65, and since 1 January 2025 it asks for 20 years of Latvian insurance before it pays anything. The amount is notional: Article 12 of Par valsts pensijam divides the registered pension capital by the number of years over which payment is planned from the grant year, so the figure tracks contributions, not need. - [How far back is a late Latvian pension application paid?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/latvia/latvian-pension-late-application) (en-GB): The old-age pension may be applied for no earlier than 1 month before reaching pension age; if the application is submitted later, the right to the pension arises no earlier than 6 months before the day the application is submitted. Article 30(4) of Par valsts pensijam pays a late application back no further than six months, so every month of delay past 65 is gone. - [Can I receive a Latvian pension while living abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/latvia/latvian-pension-living-abroad) (en-GB): The right to the Latvian old-age pension is held by persons living in Latvia, in an EU member state or in a country with which Latvia has a social security agreement; since 17 June 2023 persons living in third countries also have the right. A person drawing a Latvian pension while living abroad must file a continuation request each year between 1 October and 15 December, with a notarial statement of being alive. - [What happens to my Latvian second pillar savings?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/latvia/latvian-second-pension-pillar) (en-GB): The funded second pillar takes six of the twenty contribution points and holds shares, bonds, other securities and bank deposits. Under Article 3.1 of the Valsts fondeto pensiju likums, a second pillar participant who dies before taking a pension and who named nobody has his funded capital credited to the state pension special budget. ### Romania: questions and answers - [What is the minimum contribution period for a Romanian pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/romania/minimum-contribution-period-romanian-pension) (en-GB): The minimum contributory period is 15 years for women and men, and the complete contributory period is 35 years. Under 15 years there is no Romanian old age pension, so a few years of work buys no Romanian payment on its own. - [When should I apply for a Romanian pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/romania/when-to-apply-for-romanian-pension) (en-GB): An application filed within 30 calendar days of meeting the pension conditions is granted from the date those conditions were met. Filed later, the pension runs only from the date the application is registered, and the months in between are not paid. - [Do Romanian pensioners abroad need a certificat de viata?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/romania/romanian-pension-certificat-de-viata) (en-GB): A Romanian pension beneficiary settled abroad must return a certificat de viata twice a year, by 31 March and by 30 September. Miss it and payment is suspended from the month following the deadline. - [Can I see my Romanian pension record online from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/romania/cnpp-contul-meu-from-abroad) (en-GB): CNPP Contul meu / My CNPP: State pension contribution record and pension entitlement information. CNPP's new Virtual Private Space at my.cnpp.ro, live since 1 September 2026, holds the contribution record, pension decisions, the e-Talon and a rights simulator, and authentication runs through ROeID, the national electronic identification system. ### Austria: questions and answers - [When should I apply for my Austrian pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/austria/apply-for-austrian-pension) (en-GB): The pension authority states the Antragsprinzip plainly: to receive a pension you must always file an application. An application for an Austrian old-age pension can be filed at the earliest 6 months before the qualifying date (Stichtag) and at the latest on the Stichtag itself; the recommended time is about 3 months before. - [How many insurance months do I need for an Austrian pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/austria/minimum-insurance-period-austrian-pension) (en-GB): The gate is 180 insurance months, at least 84 of them from gainful employment. Months insured in another EU or EEA state, Switzerland or an agreement country are added to the Austrian months to pass the gate. - [Do Austrian pensioners abroad need a life certificate?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/austria/austrian-pension-life-certificate) (en-GB): Pensioners living outside Austria must submit a life certificate (Lebensbestätigung) to the Pensionsversicherung once every year, and it must arrive by mid-June. A pensioner living abroad must send a certified proof of life once a year, and the authority's own page sets the cut-off at mid-June: if it does not arrive, the pension payment is suspended. - [What happens to my Abfertigung neu when I leave Austria?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/austria/abfertigung-neu-after-leaving-austria) (en-GB): Separately, employment begun on or after 1 January 2003 carries 1.53 per cent of gross pay to a Betriebliche Vorsorgekasse, held by that Kasse, not by the pension authority. On the severance side, a Vorsorgekasse that receives no contributions sends a statement only every three years, to the address it last held. - [Wann muss ich den Pensionsantrag in Österreich stellen?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/austria/pensionsantrag-stellen-oesterreich) (de): Die Pensionsversicherung nennt das Antragsprinzip deutlich: Um eine Pension zu erhalten, müssen Sie immer einen Antrag stellen. Ein Antrag auf eine österreichische Alterspension kann frühestens 6 Monate vor dem Stichtag und spätestens am Stichtag selbst gestellt werden; empfohlen sind etwa 3 Monate davor. - [Wie viele Versicherungsmonate brauche ich für eine Pension in Österreich?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/austria/mindestversicherungszeit-pension-oesterreich) (de): Die Hürde sind 180 Versicherungsmonate, mindestens 84 davon aus Erwerbstätigkeit. Versicherungsmonate in einem anderen EU- oder EWR-Staat, in der Schweiz oder in einem Abkommensstaat werden zu den österreichischen Monaten hinzugezählt, um die Hürde zu nehmen. - [Brauche ich als Pensionist im Ausland eine Lebensbestätigung?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/austria/lebensbestaetigung-pension-ausland) (de): Pensionisten, die außerhalb Österreichs leben, müssen der Pensionsversicherung einmal im Jahr eine Lebensbestätigung vorlegen, und sie muss bis Mitte Juni eintreffen. Wer im Ausland lebt, muss einmal im Jahr einen beglaubigten Lebensnachweis schicken, und die eigene Seite der Behörde setzt die Frist mit Mitte Juni: Trifft er nicht ein, wird die Pensionszahlung eingestellt. - [Was passiert mit meiner Abfertigung neu, wenn ich Österreich verlasse?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/austria/abfertigung-neu-ausland) (de): Daneben fließen bei Arbeitsverhältnissen ab dem 1. Januar 2003 1,53 Prozent des Bruttolohns an eine Betriebliche Vorsorgekasse, die das Geld selbst hält, nicht die Pensionsversicherung. Auf der Seite der Abfertigung schickt eine Vorsorgekasse, die keine Beiträge mehr erhält, nur alle drei Jahre eine Kontonachricht, an die zuletzt bekannte Adresse. ### Portugal: questions and answers - [How many years do I need for a Portuguese pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/portugal/how-many-years-for-a-portuguese-pension) (en-GB): Portugal pays an old age pension, the pensao de velhice, only to people with 15 calendar years of registered earnings; voluntary insurance needs 144 months. Where Portuguese years alone fall short, Portugal pays a pro rata share: theoretical pension times Portuguese years divided by total years. - [Do Portuguese pensioners abroad need a proof of life?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/portugal/portuguese-pension-proof-of-life) (en-GB): A pensioner living abroad must give a prova de vida between 1 May and 15 September each year; from 2027 this binds every pensioner resident abroad, under Decreto-Lei 40/2025. Proof not delivered by the end of September suspends the pension from November 2026 until it is given. - [When should I apply for my Portuguese pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/portugal/when-to-apply-for-portuguese-pension) (en-GB): Portugal pays the old-age pension only from the application, never for the months before it. The application can be made when three months or less remain before the date on which the person wishes the pension to start. - [Can I use Seguranca Social Direta from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/portugal/seguranca-social-direta-from-abroad) (en-GB): The self service route is Seguranca Social Direta, which needs a NISS plus a password, a Cartao de Cidadao read by a card reader with its software installed, or a Chave Movel Digital. The password is issued against the address Seguranca Social already holds, with a verification code sent by SMS, email or post in about eight working days. - [Quantos anos de descontos são precisos para a pensão de velhice em Portugal?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/portugal/prazo-de-garantia-pensao-de-velhice) (pt): Portugal paga a pensão de velhice apenas a quem tem 15 anos civis com registo de remunerações; no seguro social voluntário são precisos 144 meses. Quando os anos portugueses, por si só, não chegam, Portugal paga uma parte proporcional: a pensão teórica multiplicada pelos anos portugueses e dividida pelo total de anos. - [Os pensionistas portugueses no estrangeiro têm de fazer prova de vida?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/portugal/prova-de-vida-seguranca-social-estrangeiro) (pt): Um pensionista que vive no estrangeiro tem de fazer a prova de vida entre 1 de maio e 15 de setembro de cada ano; a partir de 2027 esta obrigação abrange todos os pensionistas residentes no estrangeiro, nos termos do Decreto-Lei 40/2025. Se a prova não for entregue até ao fim de setembro, a pensão fica suspensa a partir de novembro de 2026 até ser feita. - [Quando devo pedir a pensão de velhice portuguesa?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/portugal/quando-pedir-a-reforma-por-velhice) (pt): Portugal paga a pensão de velhice apenas a partir do requerimento, nunca pelos meses anteriores. O requerimento pode ser apresentado quando faltarem três meses ou menos para a data em que a pessoa pretende que a pensão comece. - [Posso usar a Segurança Social Direta a partir do estrangeiro?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/portugal/seguranca-social-direta-no-estrangeiro) (pt): A via de autosserviço é a Segurança Social Direta, que exige o NISS e uma senha, um Cartão de Cidadão lido num leitor de cartões com o respetivo software instalado, ou a Chave Móvel Digital. A senha é emitida para a morada que a Segurança Social já tem registada, com um código de verificação enviado por SMS, email ou correio em cerca de oito dias úteis. ### Turkey: questions and answers - [What is the Turkish old age lump sum payment?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/turkey/turkish-old-age-lump-sum-payment) (en-GB): Where the minimum is unmet, SGK pays yaslilik toptan odemesi instead, but only from age 58 for women and 60 for men, and only on written request. For a 4/a old age pension SGK sets 7,200 premium days, or 5,400 on the reduced route with three years added to the age limits. - [How long do I have to pay for yurt disi borclanma?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/turkey/turkish-foreign-service-buy-back-payment) (en-GB): The yurt disi borclanma (Law 3201 foreign period buy back) debt must be paid within 3 months of the notification date, or the buy back is void. Partial payment within the 3 months is valid for the number of days covered by the amount paid. - [When must a 3201 pensioner abroad send the yoklama belgesi?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/turkey/sgk-yoklama-belgesi-for-pensioners-abroad) (en-GB): The Yoklama Belgesi (attestation form) must be submitted to SGK within 3 months after completing each six month period living abroad, or the pension is suspended. If it is established that a pensioner who has been abroad longer than six months did not hand in those documents within that same period, their pension is stopped, without prior notice, until the documents are received. - [How do I get my Turkish SGK service record?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/turkey/turkish-sgk-service-record-from-abroad) (en-GB): Those days sit in your SGK record whether or not you ever ask about them. The free route gets you the record and stops there. ### Mexico: questions and answers - [How do I find my AFORE?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/mexico/how-to-find-my-afore) (en-GB): Finding the account is the easy part. CONSAR's AforeWeb asks only for an eleven digit social security number or an eighteen character CURP and an email address. - [How many contribution weeks do I need for an IMSS pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/mexico/how-many-weeks-for-an-imss-pension) (en-GB): A pension needs 500 weeks of contribution if you first paid in before 1 July 1997, or 875 weeks in 2026 under the 1997 law, rising 25 weeks a year to 1,000 in 2031. Weeks insured in Spain or Canada can be totalised, but only to reach the 500. - [When does an AFORE account move to the Fondo de Pensiones para el Bienestar?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/mexico/afore-transfer-to-fondo-de-pensiones-para-el-bienestar) (en-GB): Under Article 302 of the Ley del Seguro Social as reformed on 30 April 2024, the AFORE must transfer the account to the Fondo de Pensiones para el Bienestar when the holder turns seventy, unless the holder has an active Mexican job. The balance then sits in a Banco de Mexico trust, and the IMSS route to it starts with attending a Subdelegacion in person. - [What is conservacion de derechos at IMSS?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/mexico/imss-conservacion-de-derechos) (en-GB): An old age, cesantía or invalidity pension must be applied for before the conservación de derechos period expires after leaving insured employment. That period equals one quarter of the person's total contributed time. - [¿Cómo localizo mi AFORE?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/mexico/localizar-mi-afore) (es): Encontrar la cuenta es la parte fácil. AforeWeb de la CONSAR solo pide un número de seguridad social de once dígitos o una CURP de dieciocho caracteres y un correo electrónico. - [¿Cuántas semanas cotizadas necesito para una pensión del IMSS?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/mexico/semanas-cotizadas-para-pension-imss) (es): Una pensión exige 500 semanas de cotización si empezó a cotizar antes del 1 de julio de 1997, o 875 semanas en 2026 con la ley de 1997, que suben 25 semanas al año hasta 1.000 en 2031. Las semanas aseguradas en España o Canadá pueden totalizarse, pero solo para llegar a las 500. - [¿Cuándo pasa una cuenta AFORE al Fondo de Pensiones para el Bienestar?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/mexico/afore-fondo-de-pensiones-para-el-bienestar) (es): Según el artículo 302 de la Ley del Seguro Social, reformado el 30 de abril de 2024, la AFORE debe transferir la cuenta al Fondo de Pensiones para el Bienestar cuando el titular cumple setenta años, salvo que tenga un empleo activo en México. El saldo queda entonces en un fideicomiso del Banco de México, y la vía del IMSS para llegar a él empieza acudiendo en persona a una Subdelegación. - [¿Qué es la conservación de derechos en el IMSS?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/mexico/conservacion-de-derechos-imss) (es): Una pensión de vejez, cesantía o invalidez debe solicitarse antes de que venza el periodo de conservación de derechos tras dejar el empleo asegurado. Ese periodo equivale a una cuarta parte del tiempo total cotizado por la persona. ### Brazil: questions and answers - [How many contributions do I need for an INSS age pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/brazil/minimum-contributions-for-inss-age-pension) (en-GB): The INSS holds a contribution record under your CPF, where an age pension needs 180 monthly contributions, the carencia set by Law 8.213/1991, and nothing partial is paid below it. A benefit can be granted only once the minimum number of monthly contributions required for that specific benefit (periodo de carencia) has been accumulated. - [How do INSS beneficiaries abroad do the proof of life?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/brazil/inss-proof-of-life-abroad) (en-GB): An INSS beneficiary living outside Brazil must complete proof of life once a year, in their birthday month, or payment is blocked and the benefit suspended. The life certificate or INSS form used for proof of life from abroad is valid for only 90 days, counted from the date of signature on the document issued by the Liaison Body of the agreement country, from the legalisation of the document by a Brazilian Embassy or Consulate, or from the date of the apostille. - [Do foreigners who worked in Brazil have an FGTS account?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/brazil/fgts-for-foreigners-who-left-brazil) (en-GB): Separately, Caixa Economica Federal holds an FGTS account in your name, funded by employer deposits of 8 per cent of salary, and it exists whatever your contribution total. Meu INSS and the FGTS app sit behind a conta gov.br, and that account cannot be opened at all without a CPF already registered in the Receita Federal database. - [Can I receive an INSS pension while living abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/brazil/inss-pension-living-abroad) (en-GB): Once a benefit is in payment and you live outside Brazil, comprovacao de vida is required once a year, in your birthday month. Law 8.213/1991 sets a decadencia of ten years and limits unpaid instalments to the five years before the application, so an age pension runs from the date you apply and anything further back is lost. - [Qual o tempo mínimo de contribuição ao INSS para a aposentadoria por idade?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/brazil/tempo-minimo-de-contribuicao-aposentadoria-por-idade) (pt): O INSS mantém um registro de contribuições vinculado ao seu CPF, no qual a aposentadoria por idade exige 180 contribuições mensais, a carência fixada pela Lei 8.213/1991, e nada parcial é pago abaixo disso. Um benefício só pode ser concedido depois de cumprido o número mínimo de contribuições mensais exigido para aquele benefício específico (período de carência). - [Como fazer a prova de vida do INSS no exterior?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/brazil/prova-de-vida-inss-no-exterior) (pt): O beneficiário do INSS que mora fora do Brasil deve fazer a prova de vida uma vez por ano, no mês do seu aniversário, sob pena de bloqueio do pagamento e suspensão do benefício. O atestado de vida ou o formulário do INSS usado para a prova de vida no exterior vale apenas 90 dias, contados da data de assinatura no documento emitido pelo Organismo de Ligação do país do acordo, da legalização do documento por uma Embaixada ou Consulado do Brasil, ou da data da apostila. - [Estrangeiros que trabalharam no Brasil têm conta do FGTS?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/brazil/fgts-para-estrangeiros) (pt): Além disso, a Caixa Econômica Federal mantém uma conta do FGTS em seu nome, alimentada por depósitos do empregador de 8 por cento do salário, que existe qualquer que seja o seu total de contribuições. O Meu INSS e o aplicativo do FGTS ficam atrás de uma conta gov.br, e essa conta não pode sequer ser aberta sem um CPF já registrado na base da Receita Federal. - [Posso receber aposentadoria do INSS morando no exterior?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/brazil/receber-aposentadoria-do-inss-no-exterior) (pt): Quando o benefício já está sendo pago e você mora fora do Brasil, a comprovação de vida é exigida uma vez por ano, no mês do seu aniversário. A Lei 8.213/1991 fixa uma decadência de dez anos e limita as parcelas não pagas aos cinco anos anteriores ao pedido, de modo que a aposentadoria por idade corre a partir da data do pedido e o que for mais antigo se perde. ### Chile: questions and answers - [Do foreigners keep their AFP account after leaving Chile?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/chile/chile-afp-account-for-foreigners) (en-GB): If you worked in Chile, even for two or three years, an AFP individual capitalisation account was opened in your name the first time you entered the system, and the Superintendencia de Pensiones describes the ten per cent taken from your pay as your own pension saving, deducted monthly up to a ceiling of 90 UF. The balance stays invested, it is heritable if you die, and a short spell leaves a smaller balance rather than a closed account. - [Can foreign technical workers withdraw their AFP funds under Ley 18.156?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/chile/ley-18156-afp-refund-for-foreign-technical-workers) (en-GB): Superintendencia de Pensiones, consulta de afiliacion: A genuine central lookup: the Superintendencia de Pensiones affiliation consult names which of the seven AFPs holds an individual account under DL 3.500, keyed to the RUN plus name, email and telephone. ClaveUnica requires a valid cedula. Foreign technical workers may apply for a refund of contributions under Ley 18.156 via notarized power of attorney. AFP money nobody has applied for never becomes the property of the AFP: balances pass to heirs, and the State takes only where no heirs exist. Ley 21.735 (2025) phases the employer contribution to 8.5 per cent by 2033. And the Ley 18.156 exemption had to be written into the employment contract at the time of hiring, so that door closed the day you signed. - [Can I check my AFP from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/chile/check-afp-from-abroad) (en-GB): The free route stops at the login. The Superintendencia's citizen services run through miportal.spensiones.gob.cl, and its own index page is headed Tramites con Clave Unica disponibles en la Superintendencia de Pensiones, so a Chilean state digital identity is the price of entry. - [Can foreigners get the Pension Garantizada Universal?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/chile/pension-garantizada-universal-for-foreigners) (en-GB): Universal Guaranteed Pension ends after more than 180 days abroad in a calendar year. And the Pension Garantizada Universal requires four years of residence in Chile in the last five, which you do not have. - [¿Los extranjeros conservan su cuenta AFP al irse de Chile?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/chile/cuenta-afp-para-extranjeros) (es): Si trabajó en Chile, aunque fuera dos o tres años, se abrió a su nombre una cuenta de capitalización individual en una AFP la primera vez que entró al sistema, y la Superintendencia de Pensiones describe el diez por ciento descontado de su sueldo como su propio ahorro previsional, descontado cada mes hasta un tope de 90 UF. El saldo sigue invertido, es heredable si usted fallece, y un periodo corto deja un saldo menor, no una cuenta cerrada. - [¿Pueden los técnicos extranjeros retirar sus fondos AFP con la ley 18.156?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/chile/ley-18156-retiro-de-fondos-afp) (es): Superintendencia de Pensiones, consulta de afiliación: una verdadera consulta central: la consulta de afiliación de la Superintendencia de Pensiones indica cuál de las siete AFP tiene una cuenta individual según el DL 3.500, con el RUN más nombre, correo y teléfono. ClaveÚnica exige una cédula vigente. Los técnicos extranjeros pueden pedir la devolución de sus cotizaciones según la ley 18.156 mediante un poder notarial. El dinero de las AFP que nadie ha solicitado nunca pasa a ser propiedad de la AFP: los saldos pasan a los herederos, y el Estado solo los toma cuando no hay herederos. La ley 21.735 (2025) sube gradualmente la cotización del empleador hasta 8,5 por ciento en 2033. Y la exención de la ley 18.156 tenía que quedar escrita en el contrato de trabajo al momento de la contratación, así que esa puerta se cerró el día de la firma. - [¿Puedo consultar mi AFP desde el extranjero?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/chile/consultar-afp-desde-el-extranjero) (es): La vía gratuita se detiene en el acceso. Los trámites ciudadanos de la Superintendencia pasan por miportal.spensiones.gob.cl, y su propia página índice se titula Trámites con Clave Única disponibles en la Superintendencia de Pensiones, así que una identidad digital del Estado chileno es el precio de entrada. - [¿Pueden los extranjeros recibir la Pensión Garantizada Universal?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/chile/pension-garantizada-universal-extranjeros) (es): La Pensión Garantizada Universal se extingue después de más de 180 días en el extranjero en un año calendario. Y la Pensión Garantizada Universal exige cuatro años de residencia en Chile en los últimos cinco, que usted no tiene. ### Israel: questions and answers - [Is the Bituach Leumi old age pension paid abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/israel/bituach-leumi-old-age-pension-abroad) (en-GB): Anyone abroad for more than three months must notify the Old Age Department in writing and produce a life certificate once a year. In a country with no convention, payment stops after three months unless five years of prior Israeli residence plus either 25 years of residence or 144 insured months are met. - [How do I find lost pension money in Israel?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/israel/find-lost-pension-money-in-israel) (en-GB): Har HaKesef, operated by the Capital Market, Insurance and Savings Authority, is free and covers provident funds, pension funds, savings life policies, training funds and death benefit policies. Then the gate: it asks for an Israeli identity card number and the identity card issuance date. - [How long must I be insured for an Israeli old age pension?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/israel/qualifying-period-israeli-old-age-pension) (en-GB): The gate is the qualifying period: 60 insurance months inside the 10 years before entitlement age, or 144 months, or at least 60 months with insured months outnumbering uninsured. Four years of Israeli work is 48 months, short of all three, our arithmetic. - [Did my Israeli employer pay into a pension fund for me?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/israel/israel-pension-fund-for-foreign-workers) (en-GB): The occupational layer is separate: mandatory for employees since 1 January 2008, a combined 17.5 per cent of insured wage from 1 January 2014, held by a pension fund or insurer, not the state. The State Comptroller counted about 1.6 million inactive member accounts holding some NIS 59.7 billion in the five largest new funds in 2021. ### Slovenia: questions and answers - [Can I get a Slovenian pension after 15 years of insurance?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/slovenia/slovenian-pension-after-15-years) (en-GB): Slovenia's floor is 15 years of insurance, and on the 2026 transitional table that route opens at 65, rising to 66 years and 9 months by 2034. The rating base is the monthly average of the most favourable consecutive years since 1970, counted over 24 years in 2026 and 2027 and widening to 38 by 2034, and a calendar year counts only if it holds six months of insurance. - [How do I apply for a Slovenian pension from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/slovenia/slovenian-pension-from-abroad) (en-GB): The application goes in one country only, normally the country of residence or of last employment, and must name every country you were insured in. ZPIZ states the pension runs from the day the conditions are met but at most from the first day of the following month and six months back, so delay past that line goes unpaid. - [Do Slovenian pensioners abroad need a certificate of life?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/slovenia/zpiz-certificate-of-life) (en-GB): ZPIZ also lists, for recipients living abroad, an obligation to send a certificate showing they are alive. A change of payment account reaching ZPIZ after the fifth of a month takes effect only the next month. - [Can I log in to Moj eZPIZ from abroad?](https://pensionhunter.ai/questions/slovenia/moj-ezpiz-from-abroad) (en-GB): Moj eZPIZ: Pension contribution record and pension entitlement information. Moj eZPIZ admits you only with a qualified digital certificate or an EU/SI-PASS login, and it requires registration before first use.