We write to national pension authorities to continuously improve our reports.
Four different things are being counted here, in this order. The six question campaign is still in progress: 53 of 54 written to so far. 20 of the replies received answer those six questions. 39 have replied to us in writing about anything at all, including earlier correspondence for the scoreboard. 28 of those replies are published here in full.
26 August 2026
United States, Internal Revenue Service
Source: written reply from IRS Media Relations, directing us to page 5 of IRS Notice 2026-34, the 2026 Cumulative List of Changes in Plan Qualification Requirements for Defined Benefit Qualified Pre-approved Plans, published in Internal Revenue Bulletin 2026-23 on 1 June 2026.
The first United States authority answer in this study.
Read what they said
Your old US employer was allowed to move a balance of up to 7,000 dollars out of its plan without asking you. At or below 1,000 dollars it could be mailed as a cheque to the last address it had. These force-out IRAs appear in no public database.
- Source:
- 26 U.S.C. 401(a)(31)(B), IRS Notice 2026-34
- Checked:
- 26 August 2026
- Status:
- Verified against the statute and against IRS Notice 2026-34, which the IRS pointed us to when we asked. Permits, not requires: whether your old plan used 5,000 or 7,000 is in the plan document, not in any public database.
Why it matters
This is the product: a claim you can act on, with a source you can check and a date we verified it. Every finding in your report is built the same way. Nothing arrives without these three lines.
United States, Internal Revenue Service · 26 August 2026
13 August 2026
Slovenia, ZPIZ
Source: Public Relations Service, ZPIZ, in reply to our right of reply request.
Read what they said
Verbatim: "Sporocamo vam, da taksne javno dostopne evidence ne vodimo. Tovrstne primere obravnavamo posamezno in zaradi varstva osebnih podatkov v konkretnih primerih niso objavljeni"Our English renderingwe do not maintain such publicly accessible records; such cases are handled individually and, for personal data protection reasons, are not published in specific instances.
Why it matters
A stated privacy law reason, distinct from a data gap and from an architecture argument.
Slovenia, ZPIZ · 13 August 2026
4 September 2026
Croatia, Hrvatski zavod za mirovinsko osiguranje (HZMO)
Source: Hrvatski zavod za mirovinsko osiguranje, written reply of 4 September 2026. English is our translation; the Croatian original is on file.
Five questions put to the Croatian Pension Insurance Institute on 16 August 2026, five answers given in writing. HZMO consented to publication with the institution named as the source and the date of the reply stated. Reference KLASA 140-01/26-24/34, URBROJ 341-99-01/9-26-25, Zagreb, 4 September 2026.
Read what they said
- How can a person living abroad contact HZMO in writing?A person living abroad can contact the Croatian Pension Insurance Institute in writing by post, by e-mail, or by using the "Postavite pitanje" (Ask a question) web form available on the HZMO website. A written submission can be sent either to the HZMO central office or to the competent regional organisational unit of HZMO (contact information can be found on the HZMO website), depending on the nature of enquiry or procedure.
- How can a person prove identity without a national electronic identification?Not having an electronic identification credential is no obstacle to contacting HZMO or to filing a claim in writing. A claimant's identity is established using an appropriate identity document along with any other data and documentation required to conduct the specific procedure. If the procedure requires additional confirmation of the claimant's identity, HZMO may request further document or additional documentation. In cross-border procedures within the European Union, the required data and documentation are exchanged officially between the competent institutions of the member states in accordance with the EU rules on the coordination of social security systems.
- Can a claim be completed without the person being physically present in Croatia?Yes. Physical presence in the Republic of Croatia is, as a rule, not required to file a claim or to conduct the procedure for exercising pension insurance rights. A person who is a permanent or temporary resident of another EU member state files a pension claim through the competent pension insurance institution of the state of residence. After that, the competent institutions exchange the data and documentation needed to conduct the procedure. If any additional data or documentation is required during the procedure, HZMO will request it in writing from the claimant or through the competent foreign institution.
- What is the procedure for heirs if an insured person or pensioner died abroad?The right to a pension ends with the death of the pension beneficiary; monetary entitlements from pension insurance that fell due before the beneficiary's death and were not paid out to them may be subject to inheritance. Heirs can request payment of these due and unpaid amounts based on a final decision on inheritance or a European Certificate of Succession, providing the necessary data and documentation needed for the payment. If the family members of the deceased insured person or pension beneficiary meet the conditions prescribed by law, they can separately file a claim for a survivor's pension. The right to a survivor's pension is not inherited; it exists as a separate right under pension insurance.
- Is there a register through which a person can discover a possibly "forgotten" entitlement?In the Republic of Croatia, there is no single register that allows a person to check whether a pension insurance right exists that they have not exercised or for which they have not filed a claim. However, the Croatian Pension Insurance Institute (HZMO) maintains master records (matična evidencija) of insured persons, contribution payers, and beneficiaries of pension insurance rights. A person can request their recorded data from the HZMO master records and contact the HZMO for information on how to exercise specific pension insurance rights.
The Croatian Pension Insurance Institute agrees to the publication of the above information, with the Croatian Pension Insurance Institute named as the source and the date of the reply stated.
Croatian original
- Na koji način osoba koja živi u inozemstvu može pisanim putem kontaktirati HZMO?Osoba koja živi u inozemstvu može se pisanim putem obratiti Hrvatskom zavodu za mirovinsko osiguranje poštom, putem elektroničke pošte odnosno korištenjem web-obrasca "Postavite pitanje" dostupnog na mrežnim stranicama HZMO-a na poveznici. Pisana predstavka može se uputiti Središnjoj službi HZMO-a ili nadležnoj područnoj ustrojstvenoj jedinici HZMO-a (kontakti dostupni na web stranici na poveznici), ovisno o vrsti upita odnosno postupka.
- Kako osoba može dokazati svoj identitet ako nema nacionalnu elektroničku identifikaciju?Nepostojanje vjerodajnice za elektroničku identifikaciju ne predstavlja zapreku za obraćanje HZMO-u niti za podnošenje zahtjeva pisanim putem. Identitet podnositelja zahtjeva može se utvrditi na temelju odgovarajuće identifikacijske isprave te drugih podataka i dokumentacije potrebnih za vođenje konkretnog postupka. Ako je za postupanje potrebno dodatno utvrditi identitet podnositelja zahtjeva, HZMO može zatražiti dostavu odgovarajuće isprave ili dodatne dokumentacije. U prekograničnim postupcima unutar Europske unije potrebni podaci i dokumentacija razmjenjuju se službenim putem između nadležnih ustanova država članica u skladu s pravilima Europske unije o koordinaciji sustava socijalne sigurnosti.
- Može li se zahtjev dovršiti bez fizičke prisutnosti osobe u Republici Hrvatskoj?Da. Fizička prisutnost osobe u Republici Hrvatskoj u pravilu nije potrebna za podnošenje zahtjeva i vođenje postupka za ostvarivanje prava iz mirovinskog osiguranja. Osoba koja ima prebivalište odnosno boravište u drugoj državi članici Europske unije zahtjev za ostvarivanje prava na mirovinu podnosi putem nadležne ustanove mirovinskog osiguranja u državi u kojoj ima prebivalište odnosno boravište nakon čega nadležne ustanove međusobno razmjenjuju podatke i dokumentaciju potrebnu za provedbu postupka. Ako je tijekom postupka potrebno dostaviti dodatne podatke ili dokumentaciju, HZMO će ih pisanim putem zatražiti od podnositelja zahtjeva odnosno putem nadležne inozemne ustanove.
- Koji je postupak za nasljednike ako je osiguranik ili korisnik mirovine preminuo u inozemstvu?Smrću korisnika mirovine prestaje pravo na mirovinu, a novčana primanja iz mirovinskog osiguranja koja su dospjela do smrti korisnika, a nisu mu isplaćena, mogu biti predmet nasljeđivanja. Nasljednici mogu zatražiti isplatu pripadajućih dospjelih, a neisplaćenih svota na temelju pravomoćnog rješenja o nasljeđivanju, odnosno europske potvrde o nasljeđivanju, uz dostavu podataka i dokumentacije potrebne za provedbu isplate. Ako članovi obitelji preminulog osiguranika ili korisnika mirovine ispunjavaju zakonom propisan uvjete, mogu zasebno podnijeti zahtjev za ostvarivanje prava na obiteljsku mirovinu. Pravo na obiteljsku mirovinu nije predmet nasljeđivanja, već zasebno pravo iz mirovinskog osiguranja.
- Postoji li registar putem kojeg osoba može otkriti eventualno "zaboravljeno" pravo?U Republici Hrvatskoj ne postoji jedinstveni registar putem kojeg bi osoba mogla provjeriti postoji li pravo iz mirovinskog osiguranja koje nije ostvarila odnosno za koje nije podnijela zahtjev. Hrvatski zavod za mirovinsko osiguranje vodi matičnu evidenciju o osiguranicima, obveznicima doprinosa i korisnicima prava iz mirovinskog osiguranja. Osoba može zatražiti podatke koji su o njoj evidentirani u matičnoj evidenciji HZMO-a te se obratiti Zavodu radi informacija o mogućnostima ostvarivanja pojedinih prava iz mirovinskog osiguranja.
Hrvatski zavod za mirovinsko osiguranje suglasan je s objavom navedenih informacija uz navodenje Hrvatskog zavoda za mirovinsko osiguranje kao izvora te datuma dostavljenog odgovora.
Source: Hrvatski zavod za mirovinsko osiguranje, written reply of 4 September 2026. English is our translation; the Croatian original is on file.
Why it matters
Questions one to four are the authority's own procedural guidance for someone abroad: how to write to HZMO, how identity is established without an electronic credential, that physical presence in Croatia is as a rule not needed, and what heirs can ask for. Question five is the finding that matters for tracing: there is no single register in Croatia through which a person can check for an entitlement they never claimed. The master records exist and a person can ask for their own data, but the search has to be started by the person.
Croatia, Hrvatski zavod za mirovinsko osiguranje (HZMO) · 4 September 2026
27 August 2026
Austria, Dachverband der Sozialversicherungsträger
Source: Dachverband der Sozialversicherungsträger, written reply of 27 August 2026. German entry sent for review on 31 August 2026 and approved in writing on 25 September 2026. English is our translation, not reviewed by the authority.
Read what they said
Antwort der Behörde, 27. August 2026. Der Dachverband der Sozialversicherungsträger hat schriftlich bestätigt, dass es derzeit keine Statistiken zu Ansprüchen von Versicherten gibt, die nicht mehr erreicht werden können, und dass solche auch in naher Zukunft nicht geplant sind. Die Statistiken zu Pensionen werden nach den vom Bundesministerium für Arbeit, Soziales, Gesundheit, Pflege und Konsumentenschutz erlassenen Statistischen Weisungen für die Pensionsversicherung erstellt.
"Es gibt derzeit keine Statistiken zu Ansprüchen von Versicherten, die nicht mehr erreicht werden können, und es sind auch in naher Zukunft keine geplant."Our English renderingThere are currently no statistics on entitlements of insured persons who can no longer be reached, and none are planned in the near future.
Our English translation of the approved German entry
Authority response, 27 August 2026. The Dachverband der Sozialversicherungsträger confirmed in writing that there are currently no statistics on entitlements of insured persons who can no longer be reached, and none are planned in the near future. Pension statistics are compiled according to the statistical directives for pension insurance issued by the Federal Ministry of Labour, Social Affairs, Health, Care and Consumer Protection.
Why it matters
This is the body that compiles the national pension statistics, and it answers the second question outright rather than leaving it to inference: not held, and not planned. It also corroborates the earlier reply from the Pensionsversicherungsanstalt, so Austria is the first system where two institutions are on the record saying the same thing. The finding is not that Austria is behind. It is that almost nowhere counts these people, and Austria has now said so plainly, which most systems have not.
Austria, Dachverband der Sozialversicherungsträger · 27 August 2026
25 August 2026
Singapore, Central Provident Fund Board
Source: written statement from the Deputy Director, Media and Publicity, CPF Board, provided for publication.
Read what they said
"Foreigners who worked in Singapore before 1987 may have contributed to the Central Provident Fund (CPF), Singapore's national social security savings scheme. These foreigners' CPF accounts were closed in April 2024 and have since stopped earning CPF interest. We encourage affected foreigners to withdraw their CPF savings as soon as possible."
The official route cited by the Board is cpf.gov.sg/AccountClosure.
Why it matters
A national authority naming a dormant cohort by date, saying the accounts are closed and no longer earning interest, and pointing to the route out. Anyone who worked in Singapore before 1987 and moved on is inside that description.
Singapore, Central Provident Fund Board · 25 August 2026
September 2026
United Kingdom, Department for Work and Pensions
Source: Department for Work and Pensions, The Pension Service 11, International Queries, Wolverhampton, written correspondence, September 2026. Underlying rules published at gov.uk. This is our summary, not a quotation.
Read what they said
Since 6 April 2016, at least ten qualifying years are needed for any UK State Pension. Where UK years fall short, reciprocal agreements and insurance periods in other countries may be considered towards that minimum. Foreign periods can open entitlement but do not increase the UK amount, which depends on UK years. Contributions in different countries are not combined into one pension, transferred or refunded; each country pays separately under its own rules and pension age.
From abroad, a UK State Pension forecast is not available online. Request it by telephone or post from the Future Pension Centre, The Pension Service 9, Mail Handling Site A, Wolverhampton WV98 1LU, United Kingdom; telephone +44 191 218 3600, Monday to Friday, 08:00 to 18:00 UK time. The forecast gives the number of qualifying years.
No advance letter is needed to pass foreign work periods to the relevant authority. Form BR1 asks applicants for a UK State Pension where they lived and worked abroad. The UK Pension Service passes those details to its international unit, which posts the relevant country forms to the applicant, receives the completed forms and sends them to the foreign authority on the applicant's behalf. That unit handles State Pensions, not private or employer pensions.
Voluntary UK contributions may be possible after at least three full years of UK contributions or three consecutive years of UK residence. Apply from abroad using form CF83. Unlike foreign insurance periods, eligible voluntary UK contributions can increase the UK pension amount.
Why it matters
The forecast establishes UK qualifying years; BR1 starts the formal exchange of foreign periods. Neither route provides a private or employer pension record.
United Kingdom, Department for Work and Pensions · September 2026
11 August 2026
Australia, Australian Taxation Office
Source: written response from the ATO Media Unit to PensionHunter, attributable to an ATO spokesperson.
Read what they said
As at 30 June 2025 the ATO held just over 1 million unclaimed accounts worth almost A$1.1 billion for former temporary residents alone. Australian citizens and former permanent residents living overseas are not in that number, so the true figure is higher.
Why it matters
Australia is the only one of the 47 systems on our transparency scoreboard that publishes an abroad-specific figure. One administrator counts its diaspora. It can be done.
Australia, Australian Taxation Office · 11 August 2026
14 August 2026
Bulgaria, National Social Security Institute
Source: written reply from the Head of Department, "European Regulations and International Agreements" Directorate, NSSI, to our enquiry ref. 1030-40-3169/10.08.2026.
Read what they said
- A person residing abroad without an NSSI personal identification code or a qualified electronic signature may personally submit a written request for a certificate of their insurance periods, and it may be sent by post to an address abroad. Requests without proper identification of the applicant cannot be accepted, and the certificate cannot be sent by ordinary email.
- The request may also be made through an authorised representative on the basis of a notarised power of attorney. Where notarised by a foreign notary it should carry an Apostille, and a Bulgarian translation is advisable.
- The NSSI does not issue certificates of Bulgarian insurance periods as general proof of insurance history for foreign institutions. The Insurance Archive certificates concern insurance periods with terminated insurers that have no legal successor and that have transferred their payroll records to the NSSI. Where periods must be certified before an institution in another state, the information is exchanged officially between the competent institutions.
Why it matters
This corrected a premise we had not thought to question, and we publish the correction rather than quietly adjusting our copy.
Bulgaria, National Social Security Institute · 14 August 2026
11 August 2026
Slovakia, Socialna poistovna
Source: Informacno poradenske centrum, Socialna poistovna, in reply to our member route enquiry.
Read what they said
A pension prognosis is sent automatically to entitled persons. If it was never received it can be requested electronically. After providing name, surname, birth number and email, the record is delivered by email. No national electronic identity and no notarisation are required. On the same identity request they also disclose which second pillar company holds the account. The insurance period extract from the electronic insured person account is sent by post to a stated address.
Why it matters
The most open correspondence route we have found. It shows that a national system can serve a member abroad by email without any electronic identity at all.
Slovakia, Socialna poistovna · 11 August 2026
10 August 2026
Lithuania, Sodra
Source: Sodra information centre, in reply to our member route enquiry.
Read what they said
Four submission routes, including email accompanied by a qualified electronic signature, and registered post with a copy of an identity document certified under the law of the country it is sent from. Verbatim: "Sodra gali suteikti asmeniui informacija kokioje pensiju kaupimo bendroveje kaupia"Our English renderingSodra can tell a person which pension accumulation company holds their savings.
Why it matters
The second pillar manager is disclosable on the member's own request. A person who was auto enrolled and has forgotten can be told where their money is.
Lithuania, Sodra · 10 August 2026
11 August 2026
Austria, Pensionsversicherungsanstalt
Source: PVA, in reply to our member route enquiry, in English.
Read what they said
The insurance data extract can be requested in writing, by email or post, and English is accepted. It is sent out by post only, for data protection reasons. PVA holds no record of which occupational provision fund holds a member's Abfertigung Neu; that runs through former employers and the funds themselves.
Why it matters
Email in, post out. A member abroad needs a reliable postal address, and second pillar discovery is employer history work, not a register lookup.
Austria, Pensionsversicherungsanstalt · 11 August 2026
11 August 2026
Greece, e-EFKA
Source: Department for EU Insurance, Pensions and Sickness Benefits, e-EFKA.
Read what they said
For insurance periods and pension applications the person applies to the competent pension agency in their country of residence, which forwards the request to e-EFKA through EESSI. Full identification with a photocopy, and the AMKA or fund insurance number, are required.
Why it matters
There is no direct member channel. The route runs institution to institution, which leaves an open question for people living in countries without the machinery to make that request.
Greece, e-EFKA · 11 August 2026
11 August 2026
Croatia, HZMO
Source: press office, Croatian Pension Insurance Institute.
Read what they said
Verbatim: "Sluzbena statistika HZMO-a ne raspolaze podatcima o nedostupnim osiguranicima"Our English renderingthe official statistics of HZMO hold no data on unreachable insured members.
Why it matters
The first authority to confirm the gap itself, in writing. Not a refusal to publish. A statement that the data does not exist.
Croatia, HZMO · 11 August 2026
11 August 2026
Switzerland, PUBLICA
Source: Unternehmenskommunikation, PUBLICA.
Read what they said
PUBLICA publishes no figures for unreachable members and explained why. Unclaimed exit benefits drain by design, after the statutory period, to the Stiftung Auffangeinrichtung BVG, so a fund level figure would be structurally hollow. On publishing such a figure annually, verbatim: "wenig aussagekraeftig... Wir sehen darin keinen Nutzen."Our English renderingof little informative value, and we see no benefit in it.
Why it matters
The first reasoned decline of the campaign. It also told us where the Swiss number actually lives, which is at the centre rather than at the funds.
Switzerland, PUBLICA · 11 August 2026
11 August 2026
Liechtenstein, FMA
Source: Abteilung Kommunikation, Finanzmarktaufsicht Liechtenstein.
Read what they said
No FMA report or publication contains data on unreachable members' pension assets, and verbatim: "Eine Erhebung oder Veroeffentlichung ist auch in naher Zukunft nicht geplant."Our English renderinga survey or publication is not planned in the near future either.
Why it matters
The only authority so far to close the door explicitly on future publication. This is the occupational pillar.
Liechtenstein, FMA · 11 August 2026
12 August 2026
Liechtenstein, AHV-IV-FAK
Source: Geschaeftsleitung, Liechtensteinische AHV-IV-FAK.
Read what they said
Verbatim: "Es handelt sich nicht um in Franken bezifferbare Kapitalanspruche fur eine bezifferbare Anzahl Personen, sondern um Anwartschaften aller je Versicherten auf spatere Renten (deren Hohe ungewiss ist) aus einem Umlageverfahren"Our English renderingthese are not capital claims quantifiable in francs for a quantifiable number of people, but entitlements of all ever insured persons to future pensions of uncertain amount, from a pay as you go system.
Why it matters
This is the state pillar, and the reason is structural rather than a policy choice. A funded scheme can hold an unclaimed balance. A pay as you go scheme has nothing of that kind to count. Liechtenstein has both its authorities on record for two different reasons, and printing them side by side without this distinction would make the record wrong on its own terms.
Liechtenstein, AHV-IV-FAK · 12 August 2026
8 September 2026
Luxembourg, IGSS
Source: Inspection générale de la sécurité sociale, written request of 8 September 2026, text supplied by the authority for publication.
Read what they said
Les droits à pension du régime général relèvent de la Caisse Nationale d'Assurance Pension (CNAP). Des informations sur l'assurance pension obligatoire peuvent être consultées sur le site Internet de la CNAP : https://cnap.public.lu/en.html
Les personnes ayant été affiliées à l'assurance pension obligatoire au Luxembourg peuvent obtenir un certificat d'affiliation ou un certificat de revenus via la procédure présentée sur Guichet.lu : https://guichet.public.lu/en/citoyens/sante/affiliation-securite-sociale/certificat/certificat-ccss.html
Concernant les droits à une pension complémentaire financée par un employeur luxembourgeois, les personnes concernées peuvent accéder à des informations supplémentaires via ce lien : https://guichet.public.lu/en/citoyens/travail/pension/pension-complementaire/droits-pension-complementaire.html
The three pages were read on 8 September 2026. The CCSS certificate route runs through MyGuichet.lu or an order on the CCSS site, delivered either to the eSpace on MyGuichet.lu or on paper to the address held in the Registre national des personnes physiques. The supplementary pension data is available on MyGuichet.lu only with authentication by a LuxTrust product or an electronic identity card.
Why it matters
The state pension route is open through CNAP and MyGuichet.lu, but the supplementary pension route still requires Luxembourg electronic identification. The access-from-abroad verdict stays unchanged.
Luxembourg, IGSS · 8 September 2026
13 August 2026, entry confirmed 17 August 2026
South Africa, Government Employees Pension Fund (GEPF)
Source: Matau Molapo, Government Employees Pension Fund, in reply to our right of reply request. GEPF read the entry below and confirmed in writing on 17 August 2026: "The entry is correctly captured." This is the GEPF, the fund for government employees. It is a different body from the FSCA, which supervises private funds and appears separately in our scoreboard row for South Africa.
Read what they said
As at 31 March 2025 there were 17,876 unclaimed cases with a value of approximately R531 million. That is the as at date, not a current figure; audited 2026 figures are due with the GEPF Annual Report in November 2026. Their definition, verbatim: a claim is an unclaimed benefit "if the mode of exit and last day of service are known but the benefit is not paid within the 24 months of the last day of service." On the diaspora question: the unclaimed benefit booklet is published within the borders of South Africa only, the same list is on the GEPF website, and there is no separate breakdown for members believed to live abroad.
Why it matters
The first precise definition of the trigger point obtained from any of the 47 systems on our transparency scoreboard. And it shows that publishing a number is not the same as making it reachable from abroad.
South Africa, Government Employees Pension Fund (GEPF) · 13 August 2026, entry confirmed 17 August 2026
17 August 2026
Switzerland, Sicherheitsfonds BVG, Zentralstelle 2. Säule
Source: Sandra Boppart, Sicherheitsfonds BVG, Zentralstelle 2. Säule, in reply to our six questions. Published with her written consent.
Read what they said
Verbatim: "Unsere Formulare auf unsere Homepage sind auch für den Todesfall ausgelegt. Der Anfrage müssen die Kopien folgender Unterlagen beigelegt werden: Todesschein und Amtlicher Beleg zur Verwandtschaft (Familienausweis, Erbbescheinigung, Geburtsurkunde usw.) Die Kopien sind nicht zu beglaubigen."Our English renderingtheir forms already cover a deceased member, and the request must enclose copies of a death certificate and official proof of relationship, such as a family record, certificate of inheritance or birth certificate. The copies do not need to be certified.
Verbatim: "Anwesenheit. Ja."Our English renderingan application can be completed without appearing in Switzerland.
Contact is info@sfbvg.ch, or by post to Sicherheitsfonds BVG, Eigerplatz 2, Postfach 1023, 3000 Bern 14. The search form is at sfbvg.ch/aufgaben/suche-vorgehen.
Why it matters
All six questions answered. A written route that works from outside the country, and an estate route that does not require certified copies, is unusual among the systems we have written to.
Switzerland, Sicherheitsfonds BVG, Zentralstelle 2. Säule · 17 August 2026
17 August 2026
Liechtenstein, Liechtensteinische AHV-IV-FAK
Source: Walter Kaufmann, Vorsitzender der Geschäftsleitung, Liechtensteinische AHV-IV-FAK, in reply to our six questions. Published with his written consent.
Read what they said
Within the EEA, EFTA and the United Kingdom the application is made to the institution of the country of residence, which verifies identity under its own rules and forwards it. Verbatim: "Personen mit Wohnsitz ausserhalb der genannten Staaten sollen direkt mit uns Kontakt aufnehmen (E-Mail genügt), um die Rentenanmeldung einleiten zu können."Our English renderingpeople resident outside those states should contact us directly, and email is enough, so that the pension application can be started.
Verbatim: "Das ist Standard. Es braucht kein persönliches Erscheinen in Liechtenstein."Our English renderingthat is standard. No personal appearance in Liechtenstein is required.
On an estate, verbatim: "Es handelt sich um ein Umlageverfahren, d.h. es gibt kein Sparkapital, auf das die Erben Anspruch haben."Our English renderingit is a pay as you go system, so there is no capital sum to which heirs have a claim. Read together with the next point: widows, widowers and orphans of someone with a Liechtenstein insurance career may still be entitled to a survivor pension.
There is no public register of insured persons. The route is an Auszug aus dem Individuellen Konto, and requesting it needs a copy of an identity document, at ahv.li/online-schalter/ik-auszug-anfordern.
Why it matters
All six questions answered. A named written route, no appearance required, and a clear statement that an estate should look for a survivor pension rather than a balance.
Liechtenstein, Liechtensteinische AHV-IV-FAK · 17 August 2026
7 August 2026
Ireland, The Pensions Authority
Source: The Pensions Authority, in reply to our right of reply request.
Read what they said
The Pensions Authority confirmed that it does not publish data on unclaimed pension entitlements. It supervises occupational schemes and holds the scheme register, and it publishes scheme and membership statistics, but no aggregate for benefits whose member cannot be traced. Our record was already correct and is unchanged.
Why it matters
Scheme level data is collected and the register is public, so the gap here is aggregation rather than access. A person can find the scheme. Nobody can find the scale.
Ireland, The Pensions Authority · 7 August 2026
13 August 2026
Latvia, State Social Insurance Agency (VSAA)
Source: press office, State Social Insurance Agency (VSAA).
Read what they said
Verbatim: "Latvija neapkopo un nepublice sadus datus. Nav ari planots to nakotne darit."Our English renderingLatvia does not collect or publish such data, and there are no plans to do so in the future.
Why it matters
A clear statement that the figure is not collected at all, which is a different answer from holding it and declining to publish it. Our row was unchanged.
Latvia, State Social Insurance Agency (VSAA) · 13 August 2026
10 September 2026
Sweden, Pensionsmyndigheten (Swedish Pensions Agency)
Source: Pensionsmyndigheten, written reply of 10 September 2026 to six questions put on 17 August 2026. English is our translation; the Swedish original is on file. The Agency consented to publication and reviewed this entry before it was published.
Read what they said
- How can a person living abroad contact the Agency in writing?Through the "Skriv till oss" (Write to us) service on pensionsmyndigheten.se, described in English on the page "About the Swedish Pensions Agency and how to contact us", and through the other contact routes listed under "Kontakta oss". Most answers to questions of this kind are published on pensionsmyndigheten.se, with an English section.
- How can a person prove identity without a Swedish e-identification?A person can submit a life certificate (levnadsintyg). A person can also take the application form to a population registration authority, a social insurance authority or a police authority in the country of residence, or to Försäkringskassan, the Swedish Pensions Agency, a Swedish consulate, the Church of Sweden or a notary public, and show a passport or other identity document to the person who signs the form. The international forms are published on the Agency's site. Development is under way so that a person can log in to pensionsmyndigheten.se with a foreign European e-ID through Sweden Connect.
- Can a matter be completed without the person being physically present in Sweden?Yes. The Agency publishes guidance on applying for the Swedish public pension while living in another country, in Swedish and in English.
- What is the route for survivors if an insured person died abroad?Contact the Swedish Pensions Agency. Guidance on survivor's pension for those living outside Sweden is published in Swedish and in English.
- Is there a register or service through which a person can discover a forgotten entitlement?A pension forecast is available on pensionsmyndigheten.se and on minpension.se. A person who cannot log in can contact the Swedish Pensions Agency. Information on other benefits that can be applied for is published on pensionsmyndigheten.se.
Why it matters
The Swedish Pensions Agency agreed to publication with the Agency named as the source and the date of the reply stated, and reviewed this entry before publication.
Sweden, Pensionsmyndigheten (Swedish Pensions Agency) · 10 September 2026
16 September 2026
Czech Republic, Ceska sprava socialniho zabezpeceni (CSSZ)
Source: Ceska sprava socialniho zabezpeceni (CSSZ), written reply of 16 September 2026, reference 10000/5690613/26. Published with the consent of CSSZ. English is our translation; the Czech original is on file. CSSZ is not responsible for the content of information published on the websites of other parties.
Read what they said
- How can a person living abroad contact you in writing?A person living abroad may contact CSSZ by email at posta@cssz.gov.cz for general enquiries or at callcentrumduchody@cssz.gov.cz for pension enquiries, by letter to CSSZ, Krizova 25, 225 08 Praha 5, Czech Republic, or through the CSSZ data box 5ffu6xk if they have one. A person living in another EU member state, in a state applying Regulation 883/2004, or in a state with which the Czech Republic has a social security agreement in force, may also approach CSSZ through the competent institution in their place of residence. Where the person lives in an EU state, the pension application is submitted through the institution of the place of residence.
- Can that person prove identity without a national electronic identification means?A person abroad who wishes to communicate with CSSZ electronically, for example through the online services of the CSSZ ePortal, must identify themselves by logging in. They do not need to hold a Czech national electronic identification means. They may log in through the international ID gateway using a foreign identification means recognised under Regulation 910/2014 on electronic identification and trust services, known as eIDAS.
- Can a claim be completed without the person being present in the country?Yes. A pension application can be dealt with without the insured person being physically present in the Czech Republic.
- What happens when a pension holder dies abroad and the family does not know a Czech entitlement exists?Instalments of a pension due up to the date of death and not paid to the pensioner pass to the spouse, the registered partner, then the pensioner's own or adopted children, and failing those persons they become part of the estate. The person applying must submit a final decision establishing them as an heir, for example a ruling of the probate court (usnesení dědického soudu), identifying the heir by name, surname, date of birth or birth number and address. Where CSSZ does not yet know of the death, a death certificate is also required.
- How does a person find out they have an entitlement they never knew about?Entitlement to a pension arises when the statutory conditions are met, but the pension is granted only on application. The entitlement itself does not prescribe. The right to individual payments lapses for any period longer than five years. A person can check their recorded insurance periods and whether the conditions are met through the online services of the CSSZ ePortal, logging in by the means described in the identity answer above.
Why it matters
CSSZ consented to publication of the general answers with the date stated and the institution named, with no individual named anywhere. CSSZ is not responsible for the content of information published on the websites of other parties.
Czech Republic, Ceska sprava socialniho zabezpeceni (CSSZ) · 16 September 2026
17 September 2026
Australia, Australian Taxation Office (ATO)
Source: Written reply from the ATO Media Unit, 17 September 2026, supplied for publication as sent and attributable to an ATO spokesperson. No individual is named.
Read what they said
- Contact. How may a former worker now living abroad contact the ATO, in writing, from outside Australia? We note the ATO's published position that it does not usually make email addresses available, and we would like to record the alternative accurately.A former temporary resident (FTR) who has returned to their home country may make a claim for their superannuation as a Departing Australia Superannuation Payment (DASP) once they become eligible.To be eligible to claim super as a DASP, the FTR needs to have departed Australia and must not hold any active Australian visa. The easiest way to claim a DASP is using the DASP online application system. While workers can start their application while they are in Australia, they will not be able to complete their application until they have left Australia and their visa has ceased to be in effect. More information about this process can be found here.Australian citizens, including those living overseas, can only access their super early in very limited circumstances, including to pay certain expenses on compassionate grounds and severe financial hardship. More information on accessing super early can be found here.To ensure individuals remain connected to their super, it is important they maintain and update contact details with their super fund and the ATO. We recommend individuals undertake a super health check at least once a year.
- Identity. Can that person establish their identity without a myGov or myGovID credential, which generally requires an Australian mobile number or Australian identity documents? If not, what is the alternative?Yes - Proof of identity can be established without the applicant having access to MyGov or MyGovID.FTRs can establish their identity by using the DASP online application system to make a claim, their identity will be verified through the online process.If a FTR or an Australian citizen / permanent resident now living overseas is unable to access the DASP online application system or ATO online services respectively, they can complete a paper application for payment of ATO-held superannuation money (NAT 74880). For super held by a super fund, use Application for a departing Australia superannuation payment form (NAT 7204) – send this form directly to the super fund.More information regarding ATO-held super can be found here.
- Presence. Can a claim for ATO-held super be completed in full without the person physically appearing in Australia?Yes - ATO-held super may be able to be claimed by an Australian resident if they are outside of the country where the required eligibility conditions are met to release the funds.This can be completed electronically through ATO online services, DASP online application system or by completing a paper application for payment of ATO-held superannuation money (NAT 74880)
- Death. Where a member has died abroad, what is the route for their estate, and what documents are required?Required documentation will vary dependant on the relationship of the applicant to the deceased.Generally, a certified copy of the below information will be required:
- The death certificate
- Proof of identity of the applicant
- Proof of authority:
- An Australian grant of probate or letters of administration – Grant of Probate or Letters of Administration must be Australian or Resealed in Australia or
- Where an applicant does not have a court grant, the ATO may still be able to assist, however documentation requirements can vary depending on the circumstances of each claim
More information regarding eligibility and documentation to support third-party claims and the certification of documents can be found here.If you are outside of Australia, you can have copies of your documents certified by staff at an Australian high commission or consulate.If the original document is not written in English, you must have an approved translation service (for example, the Department of Home Affairs, an appropriate embassy or professional translation service) provide you with an official true and correct written translation of the document. You must then provide a certified copy of the written translation. - Discovery. Is there any register, statement or service through which a person outside Australia may discover super they have forgotten, without myGov?If FTRs are not sure where their super is, they can search for it by:
- using the DASP online application system once the eligibility requirements have been met and a TFN has been provided
- phoning the ATO.
Follow-up, 25 September 2026: without myGov
An ATO spokesperson gave these routes for someone without a myGov credential:
- Complete the searching for lost and unclaimed super form, NAT 2476.
- Authorise a third party to make enquiries on their behalf.
- Contact a former employer to find out which super fund it paid contributions into and obtain the fund member number, if available.
- Contact funds they know they had accounts with. In those circumstances, the person will need to provide proof of identity to the fund.
Source: Australian Taxation Office spokesperson, written follow-up, 25 September 2026.
Follow-up, 2 October 2026: contact routes from outside Australia
An ATO spokesperson gave these contact routes for someone outside Australia:
- By telephone from outside Australia, in English: +61 2 6216 1111, 8:00am to 5:00pm AEST, Monday to Friday.
- By telephone in a language other than English, the Translating and Interpreting Service, TIS National: +61 3 9268 8332, 8:00am to 6:00pm, Monday to Friday.
- By post, for completed paper forms: Australian Taxation Office, PO Box 3578, Albury NSW 2640, Australia.
Source: Australian Taxation Office spokesperson, written follow-up, 2 October 2026, attributable to an ATO spokesperson.
Why it matters
The Australian Taxation Office supplied this text for publication as sent, attributable to an ATO spokesperson, with no individual named.
Australia, Australian Taxation Office (ATO) · 17 September 2026
15 August 2026
Indonesia, BPJS Ketenagakerjaan (BPJAMSOSTEK)
Source: written reply from Customer Service, BPJS Ketenagakerjaan, care@bpjsketenagakerjaan.go.id.
Read what they said
- A participant who has left Indonesia permanently, or a foreign national, can claim only in person at the nearest branch office, once back in Indonesia. The exception is a balance under Rp15,000,000, which can be claimed through the JMO app.
- Documents required: the BPJS Ketenagakerjaan card, a valid passport, and a statement letter confirming the person no longer works in Indonesia.
- Where a participant has died abroad, the heirs must attend a branch office in person with the BPJS card, the heir's e-KTP, the death certificate, an heir certificate signed by kelurahan and kecamatan officials, and an NPWP where the balance exceeds Rp50,000,000. Originals and photocopies of each.
- Balances cannot be published. Verbatim: "saldo JHT bagi masing-masing bersifat rahasia dan tidak dapat dipublikasikan"Our English renderingeach participant's JHT balance is confidential and cannot be published.
Why it matters
This is the first authority to give us a stated legal reason for not publishing, rather than simply not answering.
Indonesia, BPJS Ketenagakerjaan (BPJAMSOSTEK) · 15 August 2026
21 August 2026
Thailand, Securities and Exchange Commission
Source: written reply from the SEC Complaint Center, Securities and Exchange Commission (Thailand), to our letter of 8 August 2026. Translated from Thai.
Read what they said
The SEC does not publish provident fund members' outstanding balances on an individual basis. At present it does not disclose unclaimed balance data annually or on a periodic cycle, and it will consider the matter going forward.
Why it matters
This is the first forward-looking answer in this record. Every other body has answered in the past or present tense. A regulator that says it will consider periodic publication has been asked, in writing, and has not said no.
Thailand, Securities and Exchange Commission · 21 August 2026
9 September 2026
Spain, Secretaria de Estado de la Seguridad Social y Pensiones
Source: Answered on contact channels, identification and heirs, with consent to publish given on 9 September 2026. Questions 5 and 6 remain open. INSS did not reply itself.
Read what they said
Answered on 7 September 2026 on contact channels and identification, and on 9 September 2026 on heirs: those concerned supply the deceased's details and their own, such as DNI, the applicant's tax identification card, the death certificate, the family book and a marriage certificate, complete the pension application form, and present it at any CAISS. On the working-life report, a person must identify themselves by one of the available methods and, holding none, must apply for one. On 9 September 2026 the Secretaria de Estado authorised publication of this information. Questions on a discovery register and on published figures remain open.
Why it matters
The Spanish original is on file. The English is our summary and has not been confirmed by the authority. Every route named presumes presence in Spain or a prior Spanish identity.
Spain, Secretaria de Estado de la Seguridad Social y Pensiones · 9 September 2026