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Reference

Primary sources by country

The official government registers, regulators, and portals the PensionHunter dossier draws from. Every fact on a country page traces to one of the sources below. Pages that cannot trace a fact to a primary source omit the fact rather than fill it from memory, see our editorial standards for the underlying policy.

Published 2026-06-29 · Sources last verified against the dossier-pipeline gate. Published by PensionHunter (BatterseaPark Capital Ltd, Companies House 13326151, ICO ZC113586, UK Trade Mark UK00004374240).

United Kingdom (UK)

Country page

Pattern: STRONG_ID · Structural class: Name-match provider register (Companies House) + state pension (NI record)

Netherlands (NL)

Country page

Pattern: STRONG_ID · Secondary: SELF_SERVICE_PORTAL · Structural class: Mandatory sector-fund logic + DNB public register; AOW residence-based state pension

Ireland (IE)

Country page

Pattern: CORRESPONDENCE · Structural class: Employer-arranged occupational (thin register) + PRSI state pension (SPC/SPNC)

Malaysia (MY)

Country page

Pattern: SINGLE_FUND · Structural class: Single national provident fund (EPF/KWSP); civil service (KWAP) separate

Singapore (SG)

Country page

Pattern: SINGLE_FUND · Structural class: Single national fund (CPF) for citizens/PRs, FOREIGNERS are not in CPF

India (IN)

Country page

Pattern: SINGLE_FUND · Structural class: EPF via EPFO keyed to the UAN (one national number linking all jobs); +EPS +NPS

Germany (DE)

Country page

Pattern: WALLED · Structural class: Central state record (DRV, lifelong Versicherungsnummer); occupational (bAV) has no register

Switzerland (CH)

Country page

Pattern: STRONG_ID · Structural class: Three pillars, AHV/AVS (state) + BVG/LPP occupational + 3a; vested-benefits central office

  • Auffangeinrichtung / Zentralstelle 2. Säule
  • compenswiss / SAK Geneva (AHV)

Canada (CA)

Country page

Pattern: WALLED · Structural class: CPP/OAS federal (central) + employer RPPs/RRSPs (plan-by-plan, no register); Quebec=QPP

  • canada.ca / Service Canada
  • Canada Gazette (BoC 2027 framework)

New Zealand (NZ)

Country page

Pattern: CORRESPONDENCE · Structural class: KiwiSaver (provider-choice DC; IRD holds the member→provider link) + NZ Super (residence)

  • ird.govt.nz
  • KiwiSaver provider statutory-declaration route

South Africa (ZA)

Country page

Pattern: WALLED · Structural class: Occupational funds under the FSCA + the FSCA Unclaimed-Benefits search; SASSA state grant

Australia (AU)

Country page

Pattern: NO_MAPPING · Structural class: Superannuation, employee-choice/stapling (NO employer→fund map by design); ATO Lost Super; Age Pension

  • ato.gov.au (lost super / DASP)
  • servicesaustralia.gov.au (Age Pension)

Hong Kong (HK)

Country page

Pattern: CORRESPONDENCE · Structural class: MPF mandatory, employee-choice (~13 trustees), newly unified via eMPF; +ORSO; no contributory state pension

Japan (JP)

Country page

Pattern: WALLED · Structural class: Central state record (Japan Pension Service, Basic Pension Number), NP + EPI two tiers

United Arab Emirates (AE)

Country page

Pattern: GRATUITY_ENTITLEMENT · Structural class: DIFFERENT MODEL, no state pension for expats; End-of-Service Gratuity (employer debt) + DEWS (DIFC funded DC)

Vietnam (VN)

Country page

Pattern: THIN · Structural class: Single national record (Vietnam Social Insurance / VSS, SI number), narrow foreign-coverage market

France (FR)

Country page

Pattern: STRONG_ID · Structural class: Central multi-régime, CNAV base + SEPARATE mandatory Agirc-Arrco complementary

Spain (ES)

Country page

Pattern: WALLED · Structural class: Central contributory state pension (Seguridad Social / INSS); no mandatory 2nd pillar

  • seg-social.gob.es / revista.seg-social.es
  • inclusion.gob.es + BOE (Ibero-American Convention)
  • boe.es (RD 996/1986)

Italy (IT)

Country page

Pattern: WALLED · Structural class: Central contributory state pension (INPS); 1996 regime split (contributivo/misto/retributivo)

  • inps.it (full canonical paths captured in build)

Belgium (BE)

Country page

Pattern: WALLED · Structural class: Three-regime statutory pension (Federal Pension Service), employee / self-employed / civil servant, consolidated on mypension.be

Luxembourg (LU)

Country page

Pattern: WALLED · Structural class: Single national statutory scheme (CNAP), application based, heavy frontalier (cross-border) core

Sweden (SE)

Country page

Pattern: SELF_SERVICE_PORTAL · Structural class: Public income + premium pension (Pensionsmyndigheten) PLUS a separate ~90%-coverage occupational tjänstepension layer, consolidated on minPension.se

Denmark (DK)

Country page

Pattern: SELF_SERVICE_PORTAL · Structural class: Residence-based folkepension + near-universal ATP Livslang Pension + occupational + private, all consolidated on PensionsInfo

Norway (NO)

Country page

Pattern: SELF_SERVICE_PORTAL · Structural class: Public NAV alderspensjon (income + guarantee) PLUS a mandatory OTP layer that fragments into provider-held pensjonskapitalbevis certificates, consolidated on Norsk Pensjon